1.1 本指南提供了在应用于定量测试结果时理解术语“不确定性”所需的概念。对于给定的测量结果，可以应用几种不确定度测量；描述了一些常见形式的解释。 1.2 本指南描述了表示测试结果不确定性的方法，并将其与标准统计方法相关联。描述了不确定性与精度和偏差概念之间的关系。 1.3 本指南还介绍了实验室识别和表征方法性能组成部分所需的概念。描述了ASTM方法可包括的元素，以向用户提供方法不确定度估计指南。 1.4 未指定本指南的单位制。本指南中的尺寸量仅作为计算方法的说明，对所处理的产品或试验方法不具有约束力。 1.5 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 “蓝皮书”的A部分“ASTM标准的形式和风格”介绍了测量不确定度声明，作为将特定测试方法应用于特定材料的结果报告的可选部分。 4.2 根据ISO/IEC 17025，准备不确定度估计是实验室认证的一项要求。本指南描述了实验室可以用作报告不确定性基础的一些数据类型。

1.1 This guide provides concepts necessary for understanding the term “uncertainty” when applied to a quantitative test result. Several measures of uncertainty can be applied to a given measurement result; the interpretation of some of the common forms is described. 1.2 This guide describes methods for expressing test result uncertainty and relates these to standard statistical methodology. Relationships between uncertainty and concepts of precision and bias are described. 1.3 This guide also presents concepts needed for a laboratory to identify and characterize components of method performance. Elements that an ASTM method can include to provide guidance to the user on estimating uncertainty for the method are described. 1.4 The system of units for this guide is not specified. Dimensional quantities in the guide are presented only as illustrations of calculation methods and are not binding on products or test methods treated. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 Part A of the “Blue Book,” Form and Style for ASTM Standards, introduces the statement of measurement uncertainty as an optional part of the report given for the result of applying a particular test method to a particular material. 4.2 Preparation of uncertainty estimates is a requirement for laboratory accreditation under ISO/IEC 17025. This guide describes some of the types of data that the laboratory can use as the basis for reporting uncertainty.