1.1 这些实践包括项目/巡航报告方法，以及处理、运输和储存软粘性完整海洋土壤的方法。还介绍了制备三轴强度土样和固结试验的程序。 1.2 这些做法可能包括处理和运输受有害物质污染的沉积物样本以及受检疫规定约束的样本。 1.3 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。括号中给出的值仅供参考，不被视为标准值。以国际单位制以外的单位报告试验结果不应视为不符合本标准。 1.4 这些实践为执行一个或多个特定操作提供了一组说明。本文件不能取代教育或经验，应与专业判断一起使用。 并非这些实践的所有方面都适用于所有情况。本ASTM标准不代表或取代必须根据其判断给定专业服务的充分性的谨慎标准，也不应在不考虑项目的许多独特方面的情况下应用本文件。标题中的“标准”一词仅表示该文件已通过ASTM共识程序获得批准。 1.5 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 第节给出了具体的预防说明 1. , 2. 和 7. . 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 采样后对沉积物施加的扰动可能会显著影响某些岩土特性。需要遵循谨慎的实践，以最大限度地减少因搬运、运输、储存和准备测试沉积物样本而引起的土壤结构变化。 注1: 本标准产生的结果的质量取决于执行该标准的人员的能力，以及所用设备和设施的适用性。符合实践标准的机构 D3740 通常认为能够胜任和客观的测试/采样/检查等。本标准的用户应注意遵守惯例 D3740 本身并不能保证可靠的结果。可靠的结果取决于可能的因素；实践 D3740 提供了一种评估其中一些因素的方法。 5.2 本文件中介绍的实践应用于具有非常软或软剪切强度（不排水剪切强度小于25 kPa（3.6 psi））稠度的土壤。 注2: 如果没有支撑，在海底或其下方获得的一些土壤在自身重量作用下会迅速变形。这种类型的行为为某些类型的测试带来了特殊问题。在这些情况下，需要特殊的处理和准备程序。测试，例如手持叶片( D4648/D4648M )或微型叶片( D8121/D8121M )有时在海上进行，以尽量减少储存时间和搬运对土壤性质的影响。基于太沙基和佩克，选择了小于25 kPa的不排水剪切强度。 3. 他们将饱和软粘土定义为不排水抗剪强度小于25 kPa。 5.3 这些做法应适用于自然形成的海洋土壤（可能易碎或高度敏感）的样本，这些样本将用于密度测定、固结、渗透性测试或剪切强度测试，有或没有应力应变特性和体积变化测量（见 附注3 ). 此外，还可以对样品进行动态和循环测试。 注3: 为了帮助评估干扰，X射线照相术已证明有帮助，请参阅实践 D4452 . 5.4 这些做法适用于不允许孔隙水快速排水的细粒土。尽管许多程序可适用于粗粒土壤，但排水可能发生得很快，足以保证这些实践中未涵盖的特殊处理程序。 5.5 这些做法主要适用于在薄土中获得的土壤样本- 壁式或类似的取芯装置，可产生高质量的岩心，或通过将薄壁管推入另一个取样装置采集的岩心中获得。 5.6 这些实践可以与含气体的土壤一起使用，但是，已经开发了这些实践中未涵盖的更专业的程序和设备，用于此类材料。 注4: 有关处理充气沉积物的信息，读者请参阅Johns等人的论文。， 4. 还有李。 5.

1.1 These practices cover methods for project/cruise reporting, and handling, transporting and storing soft cohesive intact marine soil. Procedures for preparing soil specimens for triaxial strength, and consolidation testing are also presented. 1.2 These practices may include the handling and transporting of sediment specimens contaminated with hazardous materials and samples subject to quarantine regulations. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only and are not considered standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard. 1.4 These practices offer a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of these practices may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Sections 1 , 2 and 7 . 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Disturbance imparted to sediments after sampling can significantly affect some geotechnical properties. Careful practices need to be followed to minimize soil fabric changes caused from handling, transporting, storing, and preparing sediment specimens for testing. Note 1: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on may factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors. 5.2 The practices presented in this document should be used with soil that has a very soft or soft shear strength (undrained shear strength less than 25 kPa (3.6 psi)) consistency. Note 2: Some soils that are obtained at or just below the seafloor quickly deform under their own weight if left unsupported. This type of behavior presents special problems for some types of testing. Special handling and preparation procedures are required under those circumstances. Tests, such as the handheld vane ( D4648/D4648M ) or miniature vane ( D8121/D8121M ), are sometimes performed at sea to minimize the effect of storage time and handling on soil properties. An undrained shear strength of less than 25 kPa was selected based on Terzaghi and Peck. 3 They defined a soft saturated clay as having an undrained shear strength less than 25 kPa. 5.3 These practices shall apply to specimens of naturally formed marine soil (that may or may not be fragile or highly sensitive) that will be used for density determination, consolidation, permeability testing or shear strength testing with or without stress-strain properties and volume change measurements (see Note 3 ). In addition, dynamic and cyclic testing can also be performed on the sample. Note 3: To help evaluate disturbance, X-Ray Radiography has proven helpful, refer to Practice D4452 . 5.4 These practices apply to fine-grained soils that do not allow the rapid drainage of pore water. Although many of the procedures can apply to coarser-grained soils, drainage may occur rapidly enough to warrant special handling procedures not covered in these practices. 5.5 These practices apply primarily to soil specimens that are obtained in thin-walled or similar coring devices that produce high-quality cores or that are obtained by pushing a thin-walled tube into cores taken with another sampling device. 5.6 These practices can be used in conjunction with soils containing gas, however, more specialized procedures and equipment that are not covered in these practices have been developed for use with such materials. Note 4: For information on handling gas charged sediments, the reader is referred to papers by Johns, et al., 4 and Lee. 5