饮用水分配系统中存在铁和锰是一个令人担忧的问题，因为 降低了水的美学质量。当溶解的铁和锰被氧化时，它们 形成不溶性化合物，沉淀并导致黄棕色到红棕色到黑色 染色，取决于每种金属的相对丰度。为了提高美感 美国环境保护署国家二级饮用水法规建议饮用水质量 最大浓度为0.30 mg/L和0。 铁和锰分别为05 mg/L。这个 ZeeWeed（R）超滤膜系统可以去除大于0.1的颗粒 微米大小，包括铁和锰沉淀。用于去除溶解的铁和 锰，在膜之前加入一个氧化步骤，膜将溶解的锰转化 物种变成了不可溶的形式。氧化可通过曝气或添加 氧化化学物质，如氯、二氧化氯或高锰酸钾。 对于需要去除溶解有机物和溶解铁的水源，以及 ZENON公司开发了一种独特的过程，其中ZeeWeed（R）超滤 膜系统可与一步混凝氧化过程耦合。这篇论文 讨论防止膜污染和实现 与有机物、铁和锰去除有关的净化水质量目标 采用同步分步混凝氧化工艺。本文还介绍了 为证明ZeeWeed（R）500的能力而进行的大量试点研究的结果 浸没式膜系统结合了这两个预处理步骤。详细的讨论 评估不同操作参数对TOC、颜色、铁和铁的影响 从地表水和地下水中去除锰。包括4个参考文献、表格和图表。

The presence of iron and manganese in drinking water distribution systems is a concern as it reduces the aesthetic quality of the water. When dissolved iron and manganese are oxidized, they form insoluble compounds that precipitate and cause yellowish to reddish-brown to black staining, depending on the relative abundance of each metal. In order to improve the aesthetic quality of drinking water, the US Environmental Protection Agency National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations suggest maximum concentrations of 0.30 mg/L and 0.05 mg/L for iron and manganese, respectively. The ZeeWeed(R) Ultrafiltration Membrane system can remove particles that are greater than 0.1 microns in size, including iron and manganese precipitates. For the removal of dissolved iron and manganese, an oxidation step is added prior to the membrane, which converts the dissolved species into their insoluble forms. Oxidation may be achieved by aeration or by the addition of oxidizing chemicals such as chlorine, chlorine dioxide or potassium permanganate. For water sources requiring both removal of dissolved organics and dissolved iron and manganese, ZENON has developed a unique process in which the ZeeWeed(R) Ultrafiltration Membrane system can be coupled with a single step coagulation-oxidization process. This paper discusses critical process issues required to prevent membrane fouling and to achieve the treated water quality objectives with respect to organics and iron and manganese removal while utilizing the simultaneous step coagulation-oxidation process. This paper also presents the results from numerous pilot studies conducted to demonstrate the capabilities of ZeeWeed(R) 500 immersed membrane system to combine both of these pretreatment steps. A detailed discussion evaluates the effects of different operating parameters on TOC, color, iron and manganese removal from surface waters and groundwaters. Includes 4 references, tables, figures.