1.1 本试验方法包括通过光散射测定颗粒材料（包括金属和化合物）的粒径分布，以体积百分比报告。 1.2 本试验方法适用于水性和非水性分散体的分析。此外，对于吸湿或与液体载体反应的材料，可以使用气体分散液进行分析。 1.3 本试验方法适用于测量0.4至2000μm范围内的颗粒材料，或该范围的子集，如适用于所测量的粒度分布。 1.4 单位- 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.5 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 所报告的粒度测量是实际颗粒尺寸和形状因子以及所测量的特定物理或化学性质的函数。 当比较在不同物理或化学参数或不同粒度测量范围下运行的仪器的数据时，需要谨慎。样品采集、处理和制备也会影响报告的粒度结果。 5.1.1 必须认识到，通过本试验方法或使用不同物理原理的任何其他粒径测定方法获得的结果可能不一致。结果受到每种粒度分析方法所采用的物理原理的强烈影响。任何粒度测定方法的结果只能在相对意义上使用；当比较通过其他方法获得的结果时，它们不应被视为绝对值。 5.2 光散射理论已用于测定粒径多年。一些测试设备制造商现在有基于这些原理的装置。虽然每种类型的测试设备都使用相同的光散射基本原理作为粒度的函数，但与理论应用相关的不同假设以及将光测量值转换为粒度的不同模型可能会导致每种仪器的结果不同。因此，使用该测试方法不能保证不同类型仪器的直接可比结果。 5.3 了解金属粉末的粒度分布有助于预测粉末冶金零件的粉末加工行为和最终性能。 粒度分布与粉末的流动性、可塑性、压缩性和模具填充特性以及粉末冶金成品零件的最终结构和性能密切相关。 5.4 该测试方法对粉末供应商和用户在确定产品规格、制造控制、开发和研究的粒度分布方面都很有用。 5.5 该测试方法可用于获取数据，以便在同一批材料之间进行比较或确定一致性，如在验收测试中。

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the particle size distribution by light scattering, reported as volume percent, of particulate materials including metals and compounds. 1.2 This test method applies to analyses with both aqueous and nonaqueous dispersions. In addition, analysis can be performed with a gaseous dispersion for materials that are hygroscopic or react with a liquid carrier. 1.3 This test method is applicable to the measurement of particulate materials in the range of 0.4 to 2000 μm, or a subset of that range, as applicable to the particle size distribution being measured. 1.4 Units— The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Reported particle size measurement is a function of both the actual particle dimension and shape factor as well as the particular physical or chemical properties being measured. Caution is required when comparing data from instruments operating on different physical or chemical parameters or with different particle size measurement ranges. Sample acquisition, handling, and preparation can also affect reported particle size results. 5.1.1 It is important to recognize that the results obtained by this test method, or any other method for particle size determination using different physical principles, may disagree. The results are strongly influenced by the physical principles employed by each method of particle size analysis. The results of any particle sizing method should be used only in a relative sense; they should not be regarded as absolute when comparing results obtained by other methods. 5.2 Light scattering theory has been available for many years for use in the determination of particle size. Several manufacturers of testing equipment now have units based on these principles. Although each type of testing equipment uses the same basic principles for light scattering as a function of particle size, different assumptions pertinent to application of the theory, and different models for converting light measurements to particle size, may lead to different results for each instrument. Therefore, the use of this test method cannot guarantee directly comparable results from different types of instruments. 5.3 Knowledge of the particle size distribution of metal powders is useful in predicting the powder-processing behavior and ultimate performance of powder metallurgy parts. Particle size distribution is related closely to the flowability, moldability, compressibility, and die-filling characteristics of a powder, as well as to the final structure and properties of finished powder metallurgy (P/M) parts. 5.4 This test method is useful to both suppliers and users of powders in determining the particle size distributions for product specifications, manufacturing control, development, and research. 5.5 This test method may be used to obtain data for comparison between lots of the same material or for establishing conformance, as in acceptance testing.