Traveling water screens were originally designed to be barriers against minimal debris and to have low differential heads. However, because of changing ecological conditions, the screens are collecting much heavier loads of debris, including zebra mussels. In many installations, the screens must be structurally and mechanically enhanced to meet the new requirements. In this article, the authors recommend several measures that greatly improve the reliability and performance of traveling water screens. In addition, they propose major design changes manufacturers could make, and they propose that an AWWA standard for traveling water screens is needed.