1.1 本试验方法规定了进行试验的试验设备和程序，以估计受试者佩戴时化学剂蒸汽模拟物通过防护套进入。 1.2 本试验方法允许评估由防护服或套装、手套、鞋类、呼吸器和接口装置组成的防护服。 1.3 该测试方法的结果得出了人体各个位置的局部生理保护剂量因子以及整个集合的系统生理保护剂量因子。 1.4 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 本试验方法旨在评估整个装置对化学战剂和其他化学物质蒸汽的渗透和渗透阻力。 5.1.1 本试验方法不同于试验方法 F1052 通过提供对人体受试者佩戴的套装的评估，并测量化学试剂蒸汽模拟物在被佩戴者皮肤吸收时的向内泄漏。试验方法 F1052 不适用于通过本试验方法评估的保护套范围。 5.1.2 本试验方法不同于试验方法 F1359/F1359M 通过使用化学试剂蒸汽模拟物，与液体挑战相比，并在使用人体受试者时。该试验方法进一步提供了化学剂蒸汽模拟物向内泄漏的定量评估。 5.1.3 使用本试验方法确定其他化学蒸汽向内泄漏威胁时，必须根据具体情况进行评估。 5.2 本试验方法适用于由西装或服装、手套、鞋类、呼吸器和接口设备组成的完整套装。 5.2.1 本试验方法允许任何组合或配置整体元件和组件，包括呼吸器覆盖面部或头部的整体。 5.2.2 本试验方法适用于具有以下特征的任何组合的防护服或防护服: (1) 防护服由透气、半透气或不透气的织物制成， (2) 防护服或防护服为单层或多层设计，或 (3) 防护服由惰性或吸附性织物制成。 5.3 MeS已被用作化学战剂的模拟物。MeS主要是蒸馏芥末（HD）的模拟物，具有相似的蒸汽压、密度和水溶性。以蒸汽形式使用MeS并不能模拟穿戴者可能接触到的所有药剂或危险物质。 5.4 本试验的主要结果是生理保护剂量因子，表明整体在防止化学剂蒸汽模拟物向内泄漏方面的相对有效性，以及其随后对佩戴者皮肤的剂量，由人体受试者上个人吸附装置（PAD）的使用和放置决定。 5.4.1 关于化学剂蒸汽模拟物向内泄漏的具体信息由单个焊盘位置的局部生理保护剂量因子提供，以帮助确定化学剂蒸汽模拟物进入集成的可能入口点。 5.4.2 局部生理保护剂量因子的确定基于身体特定位置佩戴者皮肤上的外部暴露剂量与内部暴露剂量的比率，并考虑这些位置的普通人类皮肤对起泡剂影响的特定敏感性，在身体不同部位使用症状发作暴露剂量（OSED）蒸馏芥末。本试验方法中使用的特定OSED值基于蒸馏芥末的暴露浓度，蒸馏芥末以可逆性皮肤溃疡和水疱的形式对普通个体造成阈值影响 ( 1. ) . 5. 5.4.3 选择用于放置护垫的身体位置是为了代表人体上的身体区域范围，而不是那些通常靠近界面的身体区域，这些界面通常位于带有单独呼吸器、手套和鞋的普通两件套中。允许使用其他位置放置焊盘，其中有用于评估化学剂蒸汽模拟物向内泄漏的特定区域。 注1: 防护服的常见接口区域包括防护罩到口罩、衣服或套装封口、上半身衣服到下半身衣服、衣袖到手套，以及服装裤袖口到鞋类。 5.4.4 通过测定系统生理保护剂量因子来评估整个装置的蒸汽渗透和渗透阻力。 在身体部位危险分析中使用相同的PAD数据，以确定整体生理保护剂量因子，该因子考虑了由位置表示的身体部位，以及神经毒剂VX的相对影响。系统分析有助于评估通过皮肤吸收的累积剂量影响人体的化学制剂，如神经制剂 ( 2. ) . 5.4.5 NFPA 1971《结构和邻近消防保护装置标准》和NFPA 1994《CBRN恐怖主义事件保护装置标准》中提供了应用PAD数据评估装置内向泄漏电阻的分析示例。 5.4.6 本测试方法中的一般程序基于测试操作程序（TOP 10-2-022）、模拟人测试（MIST）-化学/生物防护服的化学蒸汽测试。 5.5 人类受试者活动模拟预期活动期间整体蒸汽屏障变化的可能原因。这些活动主要基于实践A部分中提供的固定活动 F1154 并旨在产生可能影响整体及其界面区域完整性的运动。增加了其他活动（如拖动假人和爬梯子），以模拟急救人员在紧急事件中可能使用的活动，例如从涉及化学制剂的恐怖主义事件中营救受害者。该测试方法允许修改活动协议，以模拟保护整体应用的特定需求。 5.6 人体暴露于化学试剂蒸汽模拟物的时间设置为30分钟，在带有5- 最小净化期。该测试持续时间旨在复制涉及化学制剂的恐怖主义事件期间第一反应者可能暴露的情况。如果使用自给式呼吸器，则必须使用60分钟额定值的呼吸器或提供补充脐带空气（通过供气系统）。该试验方法允许调整暴露期，以模拟保护装置应用的特定需求。 5.7 此测试方法生成的测试结果特定于正在评估的集合。改变集合的任何部分都需要对修改后的集合进行一组新的测试。 5.8 关于人在模拟测试的更多信息，请参见 ( 3. ) .

1.1 This test method specifies the test equipment and procedures for conducting tests to estimate the entry of chemical agent vapor simulant through protective ensembles while worn by test subjects. 1.2 This test method permits the evaluation of protective ensembles consisting of protective garments or suits, gloves, footwear, respirators, and interface devices. 1.3 The results of this test method yield local physiological protective dosage factors at individual locations of the human body as well as a systemic physiological protective dosage factor for the entire ensemble. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This test method is intended to evaluate the penetration and permeation resistance for complete ensembles to vapors from chemical warfare agents and other chemical substances. 5.1.1 This test method differs from Test Method F1052 by providing an evaluation of ensembles worn on human test subjects and measuring the inward leakage of a chemical agent vapor simulant as it would be absorbed by the wearer’s skin. Test Method F1052 is not applicable to the range of protective ensembles that are evaluated by this test method. 5.1.2 This test method differs from Test Method F1359/F1359M by using a chemical agent vapor simulant as compared to a liquid challenge and in the use of human test subjects. This test method further provides a quantitative assessment of inward leakage for the chemical agent vapor simulant. 5.1.3 The use of this test method to determine the inward leakage of other chemical vapor threats must be evaluated on a case-by-case basis. 5.2 This test method is applied to complete ensembles consisting of a suit or garment in combination with gloves, footwear, respirators, and interface devices. 5.2.1 This test method permits any combination or configuration of ensemble elements and components, including ensembles where the respirator covers the face or head. 5.2.2 This test method accommodates protective ensembles or protective clothing having any combination of the following characteristics: (1) The protective ensemble or clothing is constructed of air-permeable, semipermeable, or impermeable fabrics, (2) The protective ensemble or clothing is of a single or multi-layered design, or (3) The protective ensemble or clothing is constructed of inert or sorptive fabrics. 5.3 MeS has been used as a simulant for chemical warfare agents. MeS is primarily a simulant for distilled mustard (HD) with a similar vapor pressure, density, and water solubility. The use of MeS in vapor form does not simulate all agents or hazardous substances to which ensemble wearers are potentially exposed. 5.4 The principal results of this test are physiological protective dosage factors that indicate the relative effectiveness of the ensemble in preventing the inward leakage of the chemical agent vapor simulant and its consequent dosage to the wearer’s skin as determined by the use and placement of personal adsorbent devices (PAD) on human test subjects. 5.4.1 Specific information on inward leakage of chemical agent vapor simulant is provided by local physiological protective dosage factors for individual PAD locations to assist in determining possible points of entry of the chemical agent vapor simulant into the ensemble. 5.4.2 The determination of the local physiological protective dosage factors is based on ratio of the outside exposure dosage to the inside exposure dosage on the wearer’s skin at specific locations of the body and accounts for the specific susceptibility of the average human’s skin at those locations to the effects of blister agent, distilled mustard using the onset of symptoms exposure dosages (OSED) at different points on the body. The specific OSED values used in this test method are based on the exposure concentration of distilled mustard that causes threshold effects to the average individual human in the form of reversible skin ulceration and blistering ( 1 ) . 5 5.4.3 The body locations chosen for the placement of PADs were chosen to represent the range of body areas on the human body, with preference to those body areas generally near interfaces found in common two-piece ensembles with separate respirator, gloves, and footwear. Additional locations are permitted to be used for the placement of PAD where there are specific areas of interest for evaluating the inward leakage of the chemical agent vapor simulant. Note 1: Common interface areas for protective ensemble include the hood to respirator facemask, clothing or suit closure, upper torso garment to lower torso garment, garment sleeve to glove, and garment pant cuff to footwear. 5.4.4 An assessment of the vapor penetration and permeation resistance for the entire ensemble is provided by the determination of a systemic physiological protective dosage factor. The same PAD data are used in a body region hazard analysis to determine the overall physiological protective dosage factor accounting for the areas of the body represented by the location, and the relative effects of the nerve agent, VX. A systemic analysis assists in the evaluation for those chemical agents, such as nerve agents, affecting the human body through a cumulative dose absorbed by the skin ( 2 ) . 5.4.5 Examples of analyses applying PAD data for the assessment of ensemble inward leakage resistance are provided in NFPA 1971, Standard on Protective Ensemble for Structural and Proximity Fire Fighting, and NFPA 1994, Standard on Protective Ensemble for CBRN Terrorism Incidents. 5.4.6 The general procedures in this test method are based on Test Operations Procedure (TOP 10-2-022), Man-In-Simulant Test (MIST)—Chemical Vapor Testing of Chemical/ Biological Protective Suits. 5.5 The human subject activities simulate possible causes of changes in ensemble vapor barrier during expected activities. These activities are primarily based on stationary activities provided in Part A of Practices F1154 and are intended to create movements that are likely to affect the integrity of the ensemble and its interface areas. Additional activities (such as dragging a dummy and climbing a ladder) have been added to simulate activities that might be used by first responders during emergency events such as rescuing victims from a terrorism incident involving chemical agents. The test method permits the modification of the activity protocol to simulate the specific needs of the protective ensemble application. 5.6 The length of the human subject exposure to the chemical agent vapor simulant is set at 30 min in the test chamber with a 5-min decontamination period. This test duration is intended to replicate a possible exposure of a first responder during a terrorism incident involving chemical agents. If a self-contained breathing apparatus is used, a 60-min rated respirator must be used or provisions made for supplemental umbilical air (through a supplied air system). The test method permits the adjustment of the exposure period to simulate the specific needs of the protective ensemble application. 5.7 Test results generated by this test method are specific to the ensemble being evaluated. Changing any part of the ensemble necessitates a new set of testing for the modified ensemble. 5.8 Additional information on man-in-simulant testing is provided in ( 3 ) .