底特律水和污水处理部门（DWSD）已着手开发 整个底特律市的大型水质模型。该模型估计为 大约25000根管道来模拟近3000英里的水管。 为了收集模型校准的数据，制定了一个广泛的现场计划 由DWSD实施。该项目采用创新的方法进行了一系列的研究 35个氯损失测试与水头损失测试一起完成。用这个 该方法便于直接计算管道的氯壁衰减系数。 这些试验是在不同流量下，在500至2000英尺的隔离管段中进行的 条件大多数管道都是70至135年历史的无衬里铸铁管 直径从6英寸到16英寸。 在完成现场项目时，项目团队发现氯气数据显示出 与当前水质公式不同的墙需求关系 建模。测量了这些管道中氯的过度损失，并对数据进行了分析 表明氯损失与流速直接相关，即流速越高，氯损失越大 管道中的氯损失更高。这种现象与传质极限背道而驰 氯壁衰减公式广泛应用于大多数配水系统模型中 比如EPANET。 现场试验结果表明，需要一种替代氯墙配方 可能需要校准底特律配水系统的水质模型。这 本文介绍了现场使用的程序和现场程序的结果。 包括9个参考文献、表格、图表。

The Detroit Water and Sewerage Department (DWSD) has undertaken the development of a large water quality model for the entire city of Detroit. This model is estimated to be approximately 25,000 pipes to simulate nearly 3,000 miles of water mains. For the purpose of collecting data for the model calibration, an extensive field program was implemented by the DWSD. The program used an innovative approach to conduct a series of 35 chlorine loss tests that were completed in conjunction with head loss tests. Using this approach facilitated the direct calculation of the pipes' chlorine wall decay coefficients. These tests were performed in isolated 500 to 2,000 foot pipe segments under varying flow conditions. The majority of the pipes are 70 to 135 years old unlined cast iron pipes ranging from 6-inch to 16-inch in diameter. In completing the field program, the project team found that the chlorine data was exhibiting a wall demand relationship that was different than the current formulation for water quality modeling. Excessive loss of chlorine was measured in these pipes and analysis of the data shows that the chlorine loss is directly related to the flow rate, i.e. the higher the flow rate, the higher the chlorine loss in the pipe. This phenomena is counter to the mass transfer-limited chlorine wall decay formulation which is widely used in most water distribution system models such as EPANET. The findings from the field tests suggest that an alternative chlorine wall demand formulation may be needed to calibrate the water quality model for the Detroit distribution system. This paper describes the procedures used in the field and the results of the field program. Includes 9 references, tables, figures.