1998年初，东湾市政公用事业区（EBMUD）将其整个分配系统的消毒剂从游离氯改为氯胺。上圣莱安德罗（USL）水处理厂（WTP）服务区氯胺快速分解导致消毒剂残留损失，导致该系统部分硝化。对从USL WTP处理机组不同位置收集的水进行的实验室测试表明，氯胺分解速率在给定pH值、温度和TOC下并非如最初预期的那样相对恒定，而是取决于电厂运行情况。 迄今为止，影响氯胺分解率的主要操作因素是过滤前后使用强氧化剂，以及过滤器的操作。1999年1月至8月进行了实验室规模的氯胺保持试验，以调查:游离氯、臭氧、过氧化氢和二氧化氯氧化对过滤后的USL水中氯胺分解率的影响；通过活性炭吸附、超滤和纳滤去除TOC对沉淀、臭氧氧化和过滤USL水中氯胺分解速率的影响； USL和Sobrante水处理厂的生物过滤对氯胺分解率的影响；以及形成相关的总三卤甲烷和卤乙酸。包括8个参考文献、表格、图表。

East Bay Municipal Utility District (EBMUD) converted its entire distribution system disinfectant from free chlorine to chloramine early in 1998. The loss of disinfectant residual due to a rapid decomposition of chloramine in the Upper San Leandro (USL) Water Treatment Plant (WTP) service area led to nitrification in that portion of the system. Laboratory tests conducted on water collected from various locations in the USL WTP treatment train indicated that the rate of chloramine decomposition is not relatively constant for a given pH, temperature and TOC, as originally expected, but depends on plant operation. To date, major operational factors identified as impacting chloramine decomposition rate have been the use of strong oxidants before and after filtration, and operation of the filters. Bench-scale chloramine holding tests were conducted from January through August, 1999 to investigate: the effects of oxidation by free chlorine, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, and chlorine dioxide on chloramine decomposition rate in filtered USL water; the effects of TOC removal by activated carbon adsorption, ultrafiltration and nanofiltration on chloramine decomposition rate in settled, ozonated and filtered USL waters; the effects of biofiltration at USL and Sobrante WTPs on chloramine decomposition rate; and, formation of associated total trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids. Includes 8 references, table, figures.