1.1 本规程涵盖了从手、皮肤、衣服和其他表面回收的有机枪击残留物（OGSR）的取样和保存程序。 1.2 本实践旨在供具有必要正规教育和特定学科培训的合格法医学从业人员使用（请参阅实践 E2917 )，并展示了执行法医案件的熟练程度。 1.3 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如果有的话）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.4 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 =====意义和用途====== 5.1 本实践提供了在收集和保存用于法医分析的OGSR样本时应遵循的最佳实践。 5.1.1 此做法适用于在现场和实验室环境中从表面收集OGSR。 5.1.2 胶带提升适用于从许多干燥表面收集OGSR，包括皮肤、头发和衣服 ( 1. 4. ) . 3. 5.1.2.1 其他OGSR收集技术，如拭子和吸尘，也有报道，但不建议用于常规实践。 5.2 通常进行枪炮残留物（GSR）检查，以确定个人是否可能接触过枪支射击。传统的GSR分析依赖于pGSR的检测，如《实践》所述 E1588 ; 然而，OGSR提供了补充pGSR分析的信息 ( 1. , 5. ) 本标准做法适用于希望用OGSR分析补充pGSR分析以识别暴露于枪击残留物的表面的法医实验室。 5.3 OGSR起源于无烟火药和起爆混合物在枪支发射过程中点火后的燃烧。枪支发射后，在发射武器附近的暴露表面（例如手、其他暴露的皮肤表面、头发、衣服）上可以发现混合残留物 ( 2. , 5. ) OGSR也可以在发射后的弹壳中找到，并且可以回收以提供有关推进剂或预充混合物或两者的成分的信息。 5.4 本标准规程不适用于OGSR或pGSR的分析或解释。

1.1 This practice covers procedures for the sampling and preservation of organic gunshot residues (OGSR) recovered from hands, skin, clothing, and other surfaces. 1.2 This practice is intended for use by competent forensic science practitioners with the requisite formal education, discipline-specific training (refer to Practice E2917 ), and demonstrated proficiency to perform forensic casework. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This practice provides best practices to be followed in the collection and preservation of OGSR samples intended for forensic analysis. 5.1.1 This practice applies to the collection of OGSR from surfaces in both field and laboratory settings. 5.1.2 Adhesive tape lifting is suitable for collecting OGSR from many dry surfaces, including skin, hair, and clothing ( 1- 4 ) . 3 5.1.2.1 Other OGSR collection techniques such as swabbing, and vacuuming have been reported but they are not recommended for routine practice. 5.2 Gunshot residue (GSR) examinations are commonly performed to determine if an individual could have been exposed to firearm discharge. Traditional GSR analysis has relied upon the detection of pGSR, as described in Practice E1588 ; however, OGSR provides information that complements pGSR analysis ( 1 , 5 ) . This standard practice is of use to forensic laboratories desiring to supplement pGSR analysis with OGSR analysis to identify surfaces exposed to gunshot residue. 5.3 OGSR originates from the combustion of the smokeless powder and the priming mixture following their ignition during the firearm discharge process. After a firearm has been discharged, the combined residue can be found on exposed surfaces in the vicinity of the fired weapon (for example, hands, other exposed skin surfaces, hair, clothing) ( 2 , 5 ) . OGSR can also be found in the cartridge case after firing and can be recovered to provide information about the constituents of the propellant or the priming mixture, or both. 5.4 This standard practice does not apply to the analysis or interpretation of OGSR, or pGSR.