1.1 本规程涵盖涂料行业中常用的配制涂料和涂层材料的程序。它描述了计算液体涂料和涂层的重量固体、体积固体、溶剂含量、挥发性有机化合物（VOC）含量、有害空气污染物（HAP）含量和密度的配方值的程序。这些值是根据基本配方数据计算得出的。这些计算可能与供应（未减少）或应用（减少）的涂层材料有关，包括多组分类型。 1.2 根据适用法规的具体措辞，这些基于配方的计算值可能适用于挥发性有机化合物监管目的，也可能不适用于挥发性有机化合物监管目的。 一些法规要求对涂层进行分析。一些规则允许使用配方数据，但是，在将其用于监管目的之前，可能需要对本实践中计算的值进行一些调整（参见 4.3 ). 1.3 在本实践中，假设挥发性成分蒸发，残留的材料被确定为涂层固体。例如，溶剂通常用于调整涂料应用和外观的粘度。其他液体材料，如增塑剂、活性稀释剂等，预计会保留在干膜中以影响最终物理性能，应归类为涂层固体的一部分。 测试方法等标准 D2369 , D4758 , D5403 ，和指南 D2832 可用于确定特定成分的挥发性或非挥发性含量。出于本实施规程的目的，假设混合配方表现为 完美的 混合时没有体积变化的溶液（参见 6.2 ). 1.4 这些计算中不考虑交联反应的挥发性副产物（固化挥发物），因为本规程的目的是根据配方信息定义涂料物理常数。这些计算中未考虑原材料的变化、生产过程的变化、试验方法和试验方法精度。 1.5 以英寸-磅为单位的数值应视为标准值。括号中给出的值是到国际单位制的数学转换，仅供参考，不被视为标准值。然而，如果用户需要，它们可以很容易地转换为国际单位制（例如，请参见 附注4 ). 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 油漆和涂料的物理常数在其配方、制造和使用的各个方面都是必需的。本实践证明了为计算某些物理常数的公式值而商定的标准方法。公制或英寸/磅单位的计算结果相同。 4.2 除非管理文件中另有规定，否则不得使用这些公式值代替政府法规要求的测量值。 4.3 一些法规允许使用配方数据而不是分析数据来确定合规性。 该配方数据可能不会产生与所需分析方法相同的结果，所需分析方法可在任何涂料生产批次的样品上进行。在这些情况下，用户可能希望将配方数据与分析数据进行比较，并开发一个因子，用于调整原材料的可变性、生产批次的可变性、固化挥发物和分析方法的可变性。

1.1 This practice covers procedures commonly used in the paint industry to formulate paints and coating materials. It describes procedures for calculating formulation values for weight solids, volume solids, solvent content, volatile organic compound (VOC) content, hazardous air pollutant (HAP) content, and density of liquid paints and coatings. These values are calculated from basic formulation data. These calculations may be related to either as-supplied (unreduced) or as-applied (reduced) coating materials, including multicomponent types. 1.2 These calculated, formulation-based values may or may not be acceptable for VOC regulatory purposes, depending on the specific wording of the applicable regulation. Some regulations require analysis of the coating. Some rules allow the use of formulation data, however, some adjustments may be needed to the values calculated in this practice before they are used for regulatory purposes (see 4.3 ). 1.3 For purposes of this practice, it is assumed that volatile components evaporate and the materials that remain are identified as coating solids. For example, solvents are normally used to adjust viscosity for application and appearance of the coating. Other liquid materials, such as plasticizers, reactive diluents, etc., that are expected to be retained in the dried film to affect the final physical properties should be classified as part of the coating solids. Standards such as Test Methods D2369 , D4758 , D5403 , and Guide D2832 may be used to determine volatile or nonvolatile content of specific components. For purposes of this practice it is assumed that the blended formulation behaves as an ideal solution with no volume change on mixing (see 6.2 ). 1.4 Volatile by-products of cross-linking reactions (cure volatiles) are not considered in these calculations since the object of this practice is to define paint physical constants based on formulation information. Variations in raw materials, variations in the production processes, test methods, and test method accuracy are not taken into account in these calculations. 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. However, they may be readily converted into SI units, if required by the user (for example, see Note 4 ). 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 Physical constants of paints and coatings are required in all aspects of their formulation, manufacture and use. This practice demonstrates standard methods agreed upon for calculating formulation values for some of these physical constants. The calculations are the same for either metric or inch/pound units. 4.2 These formula values may not be used to replace measured values required by government regulations unless specifically stated in the governing documents. 4.3 Some regulations allow compliance determination using formulation data instead of analytical data. This formulation data may not yield the same results as the required analytical method, which could be performed on a sample from any production batch of the coating. In these cases, the user may wish to compare formulation data to analytical data and develop a factor that adjusts for variability of raw materials, variability of production batches, cure volatiles, and variability of the analytical methods.