1.1本指南的主要内容提供了通过以下方式实现适用于船舶和海洋计算机系统的通信网络的路线图: 1.1.1检查数字通信协议作为网络技术基础设施的关系。 1.1.2概述与网络环境中传输介质的实现相关的网络拓扑和传输技术的基本构建块；和 1.1.3识别操作系统和环境。 1.2使用开放系统互连（OSI）模型，该模型提供了网络功能和评估的分层方法，本指南根据与其功能程度和类型相对应的下层和上层协议来识别和描述常见网络通信协议。 1.3尽管网络用户、设计者和管理员需要识别和理解每种可能的网络协议，但不可能了解每种协议规范的详细信息。因此，本指南并不打算全面论述为商业用途开发的每一个硬件和软件portocol，其跨度约为25年。相反，本指南将向用户简要介绍过去和现在的大多数协议，这些协议可能包括船舶或海上互联网，包括局域网（LAN）、广域网（WAN）以及提供此类网络互操作性和数据传输的相关硬件和软件。 1.4虽然本指南提供了对广泛通信协议的理解，但建议用户查阅参考资料，以获得对单个通信协议的更全面理解。然而，通过检查协议的基本功能并审查本指南中确定的协议表征标准，用户将更容易理解本文未提及或未解决的其他协议。

1.1 The principal content of this guide provides a road map to implement a communication network applicable to ship and marine computer systems by: 1.1.1 Examining the relationship of digital communication protocols as a network technological infrastructure. 1.1.2 Outlining the basic building blocks of network topologies and transmission techniques associated with the implementation of transmission media in a network environment; and, 1.1.3 Identifying operating system and environments. 1.2 Using the Open System Interconnection (OSI) model, which provides a layered approach to network functionality and evaluation, common network communications protocols are identified and characterized in this guide according to lower and upper layer protocols corresponding to their degree and type of functionality. 1.3 Although it is desirable that network users, designers, and administrators recognize and understand every possible networking protocol, it is not possible to know the intimate details of every protocol specification. Accordingly, this guide is not intended to address fully every hardware and software portocol ever developed for commercial use, which spans a period of about 25 years. Instead, the user of this guide will be introduced to a brief overview of the majority of past and present protocols which may comprise a ship or marine internetwork, to include Local Area Networks (LANs), Wide Area Networks (WANs), and related hardware and software that provide such network interoperability and data transfer. 1.4 While this guide provides an understanding of the wide range of communication protocols, the user is recommended to consult the reference material for acquiring a more comprehensive understanding of individual communication protocols. However, by examining the basic functions of protocols and reviewing the protocol characterization criteria identified in this guide, the user will be more apt to understanding other protocols not mentioned or addressed herein.