研究硬度变化的影响 论美国环境保护法的实施 美国环保局（USEPA）的硬度取决于 水质标准（如金属），以及 作者叠加了出水硬度和流量 来自两家公有污水处理厂的数据 在15个接收水数据集上。虽然 研究结果表明，最低排放量 硬度可用于产生保护性废水 慢性镉、铜、， 铬（III）、镍和锌，结果也是如此 表明在某些情况下，重要数据是 必须开发保护性污水硬度- 基于80%置信度的限制。 该研究支持美国环保局的建议，即 硬度相关金属的流出物限制 在考虑动态条件的情况下开发 可以在污水和接收水体中看到。这个 作者为实施美国环境保护局的 基于实际废水的硬度金属标准 以及接收水数据集。这是一个广义的指导 将帮助水资源管理人员和许可官员 了解如何设置具有保护性的金属限制 受纳水质的影响。包括6个参考文献、表格、图表。

To investigate the effect of hardness variability on implementation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA's) hardness-dependent water quality criteria (e.g., metals), the authors superimposed effluent hardness and flow data from two publicly owned treatment plants onto 15 receiving water data sets. Although study results suggest that minimum effluent hardness may be used to develop protective effluent limitations for chronic cadmium, copper, chromium (III), nickel, and zinc, the results also suggest that in some cases significant data are necessary to develop protective effluent hardness- based limitations with 80% confidence. The study supports USEPA's recommendation that effluent limitations for hardness-dependent metals be developed with consideration for the dynamic conditions seen in effluent and receiving water bodies. The authors provide guidance for implementing USEPA's hardness-based metals criteria based on real effluent and receiving water data sets. This generalized guidance will help water managers and permitting officials understand how to set metals limits that are protective of receiving water quality. Includes 6 references, tables, figures.