目前，美国各地有许多非社区地表水供应 利用袋式过滤，以符合地表水处理的过滤要求 规则（SWTR）。然而，袋式过滤技术很难满足 长期强化地表水处理对隐孢子虫的去除要求 规则（LT1ESWTR）。因此，明尼苏达州卫生部（MDH）正在进行 正在对小型系统的过滤技术替代方案进行研究。 正在评估几种膜技术的运行性能 通过初步测试。流量、化学清洗频率、污垢速率、， 在膜比较中使用了预处理要求和操作复杂性。 颗粒计数和浊度也用于衡量性能，尽管预计所有 系统将超过所需的去除效率。 各种分类（微滤、超滤、纳滤和反渗透） 并描述了膜的结构（横流和死端）。膜是 根据过滤性能、系统资本成本、操作简单性/成本和 可利用性迄今为止的研究结果表明，膜过滤是一种可行的方法 非社区系统应符合美国环境保护局（USEPA）现有和未来的饮用水法规。包括6个参考文献、表格和图。

Many noncommunity surface water supplies throughout the United States currently utilize bag filtration to comply with the filtration requirements of the Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR). It is difficult, however, for bag filtration technologies to meet the Cryptosporidium removal requirements of the Long Term 1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LT1ESWTR). The Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) is therefore conducting an ongoing study on filtration technology alternatives for small systems. The operational performance of several membrane technologies is being evaluated through pilot testing. Factors such as flux, frequency of chemical cleaning, fouling rate, pretreatment requirements and operational complexity are used in the membrane comparison. Particle counts and turbidity are also used to gauge performance, although it is expected that all systems will exceed required removal efficiencies. Various classifications (microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis) and configurations (crossflow and dead-end) of membranes are represented. Membranes are chosen based on filtration performance, system capital cost, operational simplicity/cost, and availability. Study results thus far suggest that membrane filtration offers a viable means for noncommunity systems to comply with existing and future US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) drinking water regulations. Includes 6 references, tables, figures.