在西部许多城市化地区，由于景观灌溉，水资源需求不断增加，导致供水紧张，迫使供水商在不知道谁应该节约水资源以及有多少水资源可以节约的情况下实施节水措施。这项研究使用航空假彩色图像来确定犹他州莱顿部分地区的灌溉景观面积，并估计城市景观中潜在的可保存水量。1998年夏末收集了一个由商业区和住宅区组成的子样本区域的假彩色图像。将地理信息系统地块边界层覆盖在图像上，通过计算每个地块内的植被像素数来确定景观面积。然后将1996-98年的平均水费数据标准化为深度单位，并计算出景观面积，然后与根据当地蒸散率得出的估计需水量进行比较。 通过航空图像分析确定的住宅景观面积与地面面积测量值进行了验证，景观面积与总地块面积具有良好的相关性。商业用水者，尤其是零售企业，使用的水超过了估计需求，70%，而住宅用水者的子样本为14%。从仲夏到初秋，住宅和商业景观的过度灌溉最高。过度灌溉率高，尤其是在零售企业中，可能是因为人们对有吸引力的景观有很高的期望，以及自动化系统的普及，这些系统允许在无监控的情况下进行灌溉，而这种灌溉方式不会因应季末较低的植物用水需求而改变。住宅用水者的过度灌溉率较低，可能是因为较旧的住宅，自动化系统较少，对景观外观的期望较低。 在这项研究中，在研究区域之外进行外推时，大约300家企业的潜在节水需要6000名住宅用户的类似节水。包括表、图。

Increasing water demand due to landscape irrigation in many urbanizing areas in the West is straining supplies and forcing water purveyors to implement water conservation measures without knowing who should be conserving and how much water is potentially conservable. This study used aerial false color imagery to determine irrigated landscaped area for a section of Layton, Utah and estimated the amount of potentially conservable water in urban landscapes. False color images of a subsample area consisting of commercial and residential areas were collected in late summer 1998. A geographic information systems parcel-boundary layer was overlaid on the images and the landscaped area was determined by counting the number of vegetation pixels within each parcel. Water billing data averaged over 1996-98 was then normalized to depth units with the calculated landscaped areas and then compared to estimated water needs derived from local evapotranspiration rates. Residential landscaped area determined from aerial image analysis was verified with ground measurements of area, and landscaped area correlated well with total lot size. Commercial water users, particularly retail establishments, applied water in excess of estimated needs, 70% versus 14% for subsample of the residential water users. Excess irrigation was highest in midsummer through early fall for both residential and commercial landscapes. The high excess irrigation, particularly among retail businesses, was likely due to high expectations for an attractive landscape and the prevalence of automated systems that allowed unmonitored irrigation that was not changed in response to lower plant water needs during late season. The lower excess irrigation among the residential water users was probably due to older housing with fewer automated systems and lowered landscape appearance expectations. In this study, the potential water savings for approximately 300 businesses in the study would require similar savings from 6000 residential customers when extrapolated beyond the study area. Includes table, figure.