干旱和供应减少，加上经济增长 加利福尼亚州的水资源正受到人口的严重限制 资源，以及传统的供水规划和 事实证明，这些分析不足以帮助政府做好应对危机的准备 未来的需要。帮助确定中国城市用水的价值 加州的另一个选择是发展经济 损失函数，它代表了一种灵活但严格的 基于产量、短缺和需求的替换方法 规划供水绩效评估方法 研究、监管影响评估和其他评估。 本文中的方法适用于居民用水需求 居民购买水的意愿弹性，使用 工业用水支付意愿的工业研究，以及 假设2020年人口的固定商业部门用水 水平。基于本文所描述的经济损失函数 文章称，2020年加州城市缺水将导致 最终用户预计每年平均收入为16亿美元 当前的运营、分配和基础设施。包括28个参考文献、表格和图表。

Drought and dwindling supplies coupled with a growing population are severely straining California's water resources, and traditional water supply planning and analysis are proving inadequate to help the state prepare for future needs. To help ascertain the value of urban water use in California, one alternative has been the development of economic loss functions, which represent a flexible yet rigorous method to replace yield, shortage, and requirements-based approaches to assessing water supply performance for planning studies, regulatory impact assessments, and other evaluations. The approach in this article applied residential water demand elasticities for residential willingness-to-pay for water, used an industry study for industrial willingness-to-pay for water, and assumed fixed commercial sector water use for 2020 population levels. On the basis of economic loss functions described in this article, urban water scarcity in California in 2020 would cost end users an estimated average of $1.6 billion per year, given current operations, allocations, and infrastructure. Includes 28 references, tables, figures.