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Swamped With Drought - Expedited Reclaimed Water Implementation in King County, Washington 饱受干旱之苦——华盛顿州金县加快了再生水项目的实施
发布日期: 2002-01-01
金郡位于华盛顿州西部中部的普吉特湾,占地2200多平方英里。国王县包括西雅图市和周边的大都会区。人口超过150万,是全国第12大人口县。2001年3月14日,根据生态部和执行水紧急委员会的建议,华盛顿州州长骆家辉宣布华盛顿州处于干旱状态。积雪测量表明,今年将有不到75%的正常径流。 积雪的径流是溪流的主要水源。这影响了水库水位和地下水补给。华盛顿制定了保护措施,以维持鲑鱼和其他水生生物所需的河道内流量,并提供水力发电能力以满足能源需求。在宣布干旱的时候,金县自然资源部已经在制定一个全面的再生水项目,以推迟开发新的饮用水供应的需要。 该县也在实施自己的干旱应对计划。国王县行政长官罗恩·西姆斯(Ron Sims)对干旱做出回应,要求县工作人员迅速加快再生水项目的发展,以帮助减少缺水的潜在影响。本文讨论了这些努力的挑战、创新解决方案、成功经验和教训。金县目前的再生水项目包括在两个区域污水处理厂生产A级再生水。 南部处理厂每天可生产约130万加仑再生水,西部处理厂可生产70万加仑。自1997年以来,再生水已用于内部处理厂以及公园和运动场的灌溉。州监管机构和金县员工面临三个基本挑战,以帮助减轻干旱的影响,并让政治领导人兑现他们的承诺和要求。他们要利用- 快速排队,通过监管迷宫,获得公众对再生水使用的支持。作为回应,金县采取了四点战略,加快已经在进行的项目,鼓励新用户,提供公共教育示范点,并将再生水运送到需要的地区。合规性包括参考、表格。
King County is located on Puget Sound midway in western Washington State and covers more than 2,200 square miles. King County includes the City of Seattle and the surrounding metropolitan area. With more than 1.5 million people, it is the 12th most populous county in the nation. On March 14, 2001, under recommendation from the Department of Ecology and the Executive Water Emergency Committee, Washington State Governor, Gary Locke, declared drought status in Washington State. Snow pack measurements indicated that there would be less than seventy five percent of normal runoff this year. Runoff from the snow pack is a major source of water to streams. This affected reservoir levels as well as groundwater recharge. Washington instituted conservation measures to maintain instream flows required for salmonids and other aquatic life as well as for providing the hydropower generating capacity to meet energy needs. At the time of the drought declaration, King County Department of Natural Resources was already in the process of developing a comprehensive reclaimed water program to defer the need to develop new potable water supplies. The County was also in the process of implementing its own drought response plan. King County executive, Ron Sims, responded to the drought by asking county staff to rapidly accelerate the development of the reclaimed water program to aid in reducing the potential effects of the water shortage. This paper discusses the challenges, innovative solutions, successes and lessons learned from those efforts. King County's current reclaimed water program consists of producing Class A reclaimed water at two regional wastewater plants. The South treatment plant is capable of producing approximately 1.3 million gallons a day of reclaimed water and the West treatment plant can produce 0.7 million gallons. Since 1997, the reclaimed water has been used for in-house treatment plant purposes and for irrigation of parks and athletic fields. There were three basic challenges presented to state regulators and King County employees to help alleviate the impact of the drought and to give the political leaders what they promise and want. They were to get uses on-line quickly, get through the regulatory maze and gain public support for reclaimed water use. King County responded with a four-point strategy to expedite projects that are already in progress, encourage new users, provide a demonstration site for public education and truck reclaimed water to areas of need. compliance Includes reference, table.
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发布单位或类别: 美国-美国给水工程协会
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