1.1 本规程涵盖了在法医检查的背景下对土壤/地质材料进行目视颜色测定，供实验室人员使用。 1.1.1 本规程建议使用土壤颜色:在法医案例中对土壤样本进行初步筛选，对已知土壤样本进行优先排序以进行详细分析，并包括在Munsell颜色系统中进行颜色测定和样本之间比较的测试方法。 1.2 单位- 本文件中使用了蒙塞尔颜色系统中的单位。 1.3 本规程旨在供受过必要正规教育和特定学科培训的合格法医学从业者使用（见规程 2017年2月 )，并表现出执行法医案件工作的熟练程度。 1.4 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 颜色是土壤的一个容易观察到的特征，也是土壤分类的一个组成部分 ( 6- 8. ) ; 包括母材、水文、植被和土壤风化程度在内的因素都会影响土壤颜色，使颜色成为法医检查的宝贵诊断工具。 4.2 不同土壤之间的土壤颜色差异很大，可用于法医检查中对许多土壤进行区分 ( 9 , 10 ) （参见第节 6. 用于颜色确定和比较标准的测试方法），如通过Munsell颜色系统中的视觉表征所确定的。 4.3 仪器技术适用于土壤证据的颜色测定，但不包括在本规程中。 4.4 土壤样品的颜色测定也用于土壤种源评估，以提供调查线索或搜索帮助。土壤种源的土壤颜色解释是针对具体情况的，超出了本规范的范围，但颜色测定方法( 6.5.1 到 6.5.2 )和文件( 6.7 )本文所述应适用于土壤种源情况下的土壤颜色。

1.1 This practice covers visual color determination of soil/geologic material within the context of a forensic examination and is intended for use by laboratory personnel. 1.1.1 This practice recommends use of soil color for: the initial screening of soil samples in forensic casework, prioritization of known soil exemplars for detailed analysis, and includes a test method for color determination in the Munsell color system and comparison among samples. 1.2 Units— Units in the Munsell color system are used throughout this document. 1.3 This practice is intended for use by competent forensic science practitioners with the requisite formal education, discipline-specific training (see Practice E2917 ), and demonstrated proficiency to perform forensic casework. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 Color is an easily observable characteristic of soils and is integral to the taxonomic classifications of soils ( 6- 8 ) ; factors including parent material, hydrology, vegetation, and extent of soil weathering, can affect soil color, making color a valuable diagnostic tool for forensic examination purposes. 4.2 Soil color is sufficiently variable among soils to be used for differentiation of many soils in forensic examinations ( 9 , 10 ) (see Section 6 for the test method for color determination and comparison criteria) as determined by visual characterization in the Munsell color system. 4.3 Instrumental techniques are suitable for color determination of soil evidence but are not covered within this practice. 4.4 Color determinations of soil samples are also used within soil provenance assessments to provide investigative leads or aid in searches. Interpretation of soil color for soil provenance is case-specific and beyond the scope of this practice, but the methods of color determination ( 6.5.1 to 6.5.2 ) and documentation ( 6.7 ) described here should be applied to soil color within soil provenance cases.