1.1 适用性: 1.1.1 本规范确定了一致确定的行业标准，以证明符合无人机系统（UAS）的要求（“规则”）。 1.1.2 本规范不适用于搭载乘客或机组人员的无人机。 1.1.3 以下内容不在本设计和施工规范的范围内:垂直起降（VTOL）或混合型飞机、携带无人机的乘客或机组人员、水上飞机或两栖动物、经认证的杂技飞行无人机、符合规范的轻型无人机 F3298 、娱乐性无人机（模型飞机）、探测和规避系统、针对人为因素的控制站细节、适用于地面控制站的建筑规范以及指挥和控制链路。 1.1.4 只有被视为成熟到足以普遍应用于认证项目的标准，并且委员会一致认为可以接受的标准，以建议民航当局（CAA）接受其作为遵守其规则的一种方式（MoC）。 1.1.5 如果某一特定CAA的要求与其他CAA的要求不一致，则将编写标准，以包括非协调要求以及标准中定义的适用性的协调要求。 1.2 民航当局- CAA可以接受本规范的特定版本，作为其要求的可接受MoC。作为主运行中心，接受和适用CAA的适航规则仍然是各CAA的决定。 CAA可以接受本规范，但不受其规范验收文件中规定的限制。有关CAA已将这些标准（全部或部分）作为其规则的可接受MoC的信息，请参阅ASTM委员会F44（通用航空）、ASTM委员会F38（无人机系统）或ASTM委员会F39（飞机系统）网页（www.ASTM.org/Committee/F44.htm、www.ASTM.org/Committee/F38.htm、www.ASTM.org/Committee/F39.htm），其中包括CAA网站链接。 1.3 申请人责任- 申请人必须就本规范和任何参考规范、实践、测试方法或指南的使用向其各自的CAA寻求个人指导，以证明符合CAA规则。 或者，申请人可以提出本规范中包含的MoC以外的MoC，但他们有责任从其CAA获得对其拟议MoC的接受。 1.4 本规范主要基于ASTM委员会F44通用航空合规指南。以下提供了无人机系统特定指南，用于无人机应用的特定注意事项与传统有人机规范或认证要求不同的领域。ASTM标准 F3264 –18b，来自F44通用航空集团委员会的正常类别飞机认证标准规范被用作起点，整个过程中引用了ASTM F44 MoC规范。 参考的F44标准将按原样使用，除非已确定无人机系统对标准主运行中心实践的具体变更。这些变化以以下方式识别: 1.4.1 UAS的独特添加- 在引入新UAS功能的领域，除了标准MoC之外，还添加了新的UAS特定MoC。 1.4.2 无人机的替代- 修改标准主运行中心，以创建类似的无人机特定主运行中心。 1.4.3 不适用于UAS- 无人机或远程飞行员站不需要MOC。 1.5 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。

1.1 Applicability: 1.1.1 This specification identifies the industry standards that have been determined by consensus to demonstrate compliance to the requirements (“the Rules”) for Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS). 1.1.2 This specification does not apply to UAS carrying passengers or crew. 1.1.3 The following are outside the scope of this Design and Construction Specification: Vertical Takeoff and Landing (VTOL) or Hybrid Aircraft, Passenger or Crew Carrying UAS, Seaplanes or Amphibians, UAS Certified for Acrobatic Flight, Lightweight UAS that fall under Specification F3298 , Recreational UAS (Model Aircraft), Detect and Avoid Systems, Control Station Specifics to Human Factors, Building Codes that apply to Ground Control Stations, and Command and Control Link. 1.1.4 Only standards that are considered mature enough for general application to certification projects and have been found acceptable by committee consensus to propose to the civil aviation authorities (CAAs) for acceptance as a Means of Compliance (MoC) to their Rules are included. 1.1.5 In the event that a particular CAA’s requirements are not harmonized with the other CAA’s requirements, the standards will be written to include the non-harmonized requirements as well as the harmonized requirements with the applicability defined in the standard. 1.2 Civil Aviation Authorities— CAAs may accept a specific revision of this specification as an acceptable MoC to their requirements. Acceptance and applicability as an MoC to the CAA’s airworthiness rules remains the decision of the respective CAAs. CAAs may accept this specification, with or without limitations as defined in their specification acceptance document. For information on which CAAs have accepted these standards (in whole or in part) as an acceptable MoC to their Rules, refer to the ASTM Committee F44 (General Aviation), ASTM Committee F38 (Unmanned Aerial Systems) or ASTM Committee F39 (Aircraft Systems) webpages (www.astm.org/COMMITTEE/F44.htm, www.astm.org/COMMITTEE/F38.htm, www.astm.org/COMMITTEE/F39.htm), which include CAA website links. 1.3 Applicant Responsibility— The applicant must seek individual guidance from their respective CAA concerning the use of this specification and any referenced Specifications, Practices, Test Methods, or Guides to show compliance to the CAA rules. Alternatively, an applicant may propose an MoC other than those included in this specification, but it is their responsibility to obtain acceptance of their proposed MoC from their CAA. 1.4 This specification is based heavily on the ASTM Committee F44 General Aviation means of compliance guidelines. Unmanned Aircraft System specific guidance is provided below for areas where considerations specific to the unmanned application of aircraft differs from traditional manned aircraft specification or certification requirements. ASTM F3264 –18b, Standard Specification for Normal Category Aeroplanes Certification, from the Committee F44 General Aviation group was used as the starting point with referenced ASTM F44 MoC Specification referenced throughout. The referenced F44 standard is to be used as is except in the areas where UAS-specific changes to standard MoC practices have been identified. These changes are identified in the following manner: 1.4.1 Unique Addition for UAS— New UAS-specific MoC added in addition to standard MoC in areas where new UAS functionality is introduced. 1.4.2 Substitutions for UAS— Modification of standard MoC to create similar UAS-specific MoCs. 1.4.3 Not Applicable for UAS— MoCs not needed for Unmanned Aircraft or Remote Pilot Station. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.