为了减少发电厂的温室气体排放，并响应《国家电器节能法案》（NAECA）的监管措施，研究了几种设计方案，以提高传统设计的家用冰箱冷冻柜的能效。这些选项，例如改进的机柜绝缘和高效的压缩机和风扇，被整合到一个原型冰箱冷冻柜和制冷系统中，以生产出一种从环境角度来看更优越的装置，因为其能耗更低，并且使用制冷剂R134a（氢氟碳化合物[HFC]）替代R12（氟氯化碳[CFC]）。 最初1993年生产的冰箱冷冻柜的基准能量性能，以及机柜热负荷和压缩机热量计测试结果，被广泛记录，为实验测量的节能提供了坚实的基础。使用一个详细的冰箱系统计算机模型来评估几项设计修改的节能效果，这些设计修改可以使20-ft3（570-L）顶部安装的自动除霜冰箱的目标能耗达到1.00 kWh/天。能源消耗目标代表了1993年NAECA标准对这种尺寸的装置减少50%。 在建模模拟之后，制作并测试了实验室原型，以实验验证分析结果，并帮助在出现差异的区域改进模型。虽然改造后未能实现1.00千瓦时/天的目标，但使用近期技术证明，能源效率大幅提高了22%（1.41千瓦时/天）。值得注意的是，每项改进都会增加成本或系统复杂性/可靠性。该项目的进一步工作将分析设计变更的成本效益，并研究替代性、更精细的制冷系统变更，以进一步降低能耗。 关键词:1995年，计算，设计，能源，效率，家用，冰箱，冷冻柜，隔热，原型，节能，制冷剂，R134a，更换，制冷，能耗，热损失，测量，压缩机，测试，热负荷引用:研讨会，ASHRAE Trans。1995年，第101卷，第一部分，论文编号CH-95-1-11525-527

In order to reduce greenhouse emissions from power plants and respond to regulatory actions arising from the National Appliance Energy Conservation Act (NAECA), several design options were investigated for improving the energy efficiency of a conventionally designed, domestic refrigerator-freezer. The options, such as improved cabinet insulation and high-efficiency compressor and fans, were incorporated into a prototype refrigerator-freezer cabinet and refrigeration system to produce a unit that is superior from an environmental viewpoint due to its lower energy consumption and the use of refrigerant R134a (a hydrofluorocarbon [HFC]) as a replacement for R12 (a chlorofluorocarbon [CFC]). Baseline energy performance of the original 1993 production refrigerator-freezer, along with cabinet heat load and compressor calorimeter test results, was extensively documented to provide a firm basis for experimentally measured energy savings. A detailed refrigerator system computer model was used to evaluate the energy savings for several design modifications that, collectively, could achieve a targeted energy consumption of 1.00 kWh/day for a 20-ft3 (570-L) top-mount, automatic-defrost refrigerator-freezer. The energy consumption goal represents a 50% reduction in the 1993 NAECA standard for units of this size. Following the modelling simulation, laboratory prototypes were fabricated and tested to experimentally verify the analytical results and aid in improving the model in those areas where discrepancies occurred. While the 1.00-kWh/day goal was not achieved with the modifications, a substantial energy-efficiency improvement of 22% (1.41 kWh/day) was demonstrated using near-term technologies. It is noted that each improvement exacts a penalty in terms of increased cost or system complexity/reliability. Further work on this project will analyse the cost-effectiveness of the design changes and investigate alternative, more elaborate refrigeration system changes to further reduce energy consumption.KEYWORDS: year 1995, calculating, designing, energy, efficiency, domestic, refrigerators, freezers, thermal insulation, prototypes, energy conservation, refrigerants, R134a, replacing, refrigeration, energy consumption, heat loss, measuring, compressors, testing, heat load