1.1 本规程涵盖了在水生系统毒性试验中制备润滑剂或其成分以及解释此类试验结果时使用的程序。 1.2 本规程适用于在预期试验处理速率下不能完全溶解的全配方润滑剂或其成分。如果添加剂在以预期完全配方润滑剂中的近似浓度混合到载液中后进行测试，则其也适用于添加剂。载液应符合上述溶解度标准，在将测试材料的毒性试验中毒性最低，并且化学成分与预期完全配方润滑剂的其他成分相似。 1.3 根据本规程制备的样品可用于在淡水或盐水中对鱼类、大型无脊椎动物或藻类进行的急性或慢性水生毒性试验。本规程不涉及藻类以外的植物毒性试验样品的制备。 1.4 标准急性和慢性水生毒性程序更适用于成分在预期试验处理率下完全可溶的润滑剂 ( 1. , 2. , 3. , 4. , 5. ) . 2. 1.5 本规程适用于任何挥发性润滑剂或润滑剂成分。 1.6 本规程不涉及任何润滑剂或润滑剂成分对人类健康影响的任何问题。 1.7 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.8 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.9 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 本规程提供了用于急性或慢性水生毒性试验的润滑剂或润滑剂成分制备的技术。大多数润滑剂和润滑剂成分在毒性试验中难以评估，因为它们是在水中具有不同且通常较差溶解度的化合物混合物。润滑剂或润滑剂成分混合物不应直接添加到水生系统中进行毒性测试，因为添加程序的细节将对毒性测试的结果产生很大影响。 使用本规程中描述的技术将产生具有良好特征的测试系统，从而产生具有有意义和可再现结果的测试。 5.2 可溶性差的成分混合物的毒性不能用致死浓度的通常术语（或效应浓度或抑制浓度的类似术语）表示，因为混合物在导致毒性作用的处理水平下可能不完全可溶。本规程中给出的试验材料制备技术导致以加载速率表示的试验结果，这是表示此类材料毒性的一个实用且有意义的概念。 5.3 推荐的润滑剂或其部件材料制备方法之一是机械分散技术。这种特殊技术会产生湍流，因此，不应将其用于游泳能力较差的生物体。

1.1 This practice covers procedures to be used in the preparation of lubricants or their components for toxicity testing in aquatic systems and in the interpretation of the results of such tests. 1.2 This practice is suitable for use on fully-formulated lubricants or their components that are not completely soluble at the intended test treat rates. It is also suitable for use with additives, if the additive is tested after being blended into a carrier fluid at the approximate concentration as in the intended fully formulated lubricant. The carrier fluid shall meet the above solubility criterion, be known to be minimally toxic in the toxicity test in which the material will be tested, and be known to have a chemical composition similar to the rest of the intended fully formulated lubricant. 1.3 Samples prepared in accordance with this practice may be used in acute or chronic aquatic toxicity tests conducted in fresh water or salt water with fish, large invertebrates, or algae. This practice does not address preparation of samples for plant toxicity testing other than algae. 1.4 Standard acute and chronic aquatic toxicity procedures are more appropriate for lubricants with compositions that are completely soluble at the intended test treat rates ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ) . 2 1.5 This practice is intended for use with lubricants or lubricant components of any volatility. 1.6 This practice does not address any questions regarding the effects of any lubricant or lubricant component on human health. 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This practice gives techniques to use in the preparation of lubricants or lubricant components for acute or chronic aquatic toxicity tests. Most lubricants and lubricant components are difficult to evaluate in toxicity tests because they are mixtures of chemical compounds with varying and usually poor solubility in water. Lubricants or lubricant component mixtures should not be added directly to aquatic systems for toxicity testing because the details of the addition procedure will have a large effect on the results of the toxicity test. Use of the techniques described in this practice will produce well-characterized test systems that will lead to tests with meaningful and reproducible results. 5.2 The toxicity of mixtures of poorly soluble components cannot be expressed in the usual terms of lethal concentration (or the similar terms of effect concentration or inhibition concentration) because the mixtures may not be completely soluble at treat levels that lead to toxic effects. The test material preparation techniques given in this practice lead to test results expressed in terms of loading rate, which is a practical and meaningful concept for expressing the toxicity of this type of material. 5.3 One of the recommended methods of material preparation for lubricants or their components is the mechanical dispersion technique. This particular technique generates turbulence, and thus, it should not be used for poorly swimming organisms.