本文讨论了美国能源部（DOE）家用电器测试程序中的备用电源问题。第1节介绍了能源部的立法授权，简要讨论了家用电器中备用电源使用的增加，并描述了这种能源使用的全球规模。第2节描述了工业、国家和国际组织在备用功率定义和测量方法上的差异。第3节对备用电源的使用来源进行了更详细的组件级讨论。第4节介绍了可以减少美国建筑存量能源使用的更广泛的变化，包括设备设计、用户行为的变化，以及可以作为良好范例的政策措施。 在第5节中，本文列出了对三种家用电器（洗碗机、干衣机和洗衣机）的DOE测试程序进行修订的建议。第6节给出了结论。引文:ASHRAE Transactions，第117卷，第2部分，魁北克省蒙特利尔

This paper discusses the issue of standby power in the Department of Energy's (DOE) residential appliance test procedures. Section 1 introduces the DOE's legislative mandate, briefly discusses the increase in standby power use in residential appliances, and describes the global scale of this energy use. Section 2 describes the differences in the definitions for standby power and measurement methodologies among industrial, national, and international organizations. Section 3 presents a more detailed, component-level discussion of the sources of standby power use. Section 4 presents broader changes that can reduce energy use on the U.S. building stock, including appliance design, changes in user behavior, and policy measures that may serve as good examples to follow. In Section 5, the paper lists recommendations for the ongoing revisions of the DOE test procedures for three residential appliances (dishwashers, clothes dryers, and clothes washers). Section 6 presents conclusions.