1.1 本试验方法包括原油和渣油中总钒和镍的定量测定，其浓度范围如 表1 使用X射线荧光（XRF）光谱法。 1.2 硫的测量仅用于分析目的，以补偿影响钒和镍X射线的X射线吸收基体效应。对于用标准试验方法测量硫，使用试验方法 D4294 ， D2622 或原油和渣油中硫的其他合适的标准测试方法。 1.3 该测试方法仅限于使用X射线荧光（XRF）光谱仪，该光谱仪采用X射线管与波长色散检测系统或能量色散高分辨率半导体探测器相结合进行激发，该探测器能够分离相邻和近红外信号- 相邻元件。 1.4 该测试方法使用根据XRF理论、基本参数（FP）方法或最佳拟合回归计算的元素间校正因子。 1.5 样品的浓度高于 表1 必须进行稀释，使稀释材料的元素浓度在本试验方法的范围内。 1.6 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。本标准中不包括其他计量单位。 1.6.1 钒和镍的优选浓度单位为mg/kg。 1.7 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.8 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ===意义和用途====== 5.1 该测试方法通过简单的样品制备提供了快速、精确的元素测量。 典型的分析时间约为4 最小值至5 每样品分钟，制备时间约为1 最小值至3 每个样本的最小值。 5.2 原油的质量与含硫量有关。了解钒和镍的浓度对于加工目的和合同协议是必要的。 5.3 钒和镍的存在对精炼过程中裂化催化剂的污染具有重大风险。 5.4 该试验方法提供了一种确定原油中钒和镍含量是否符合炼油厂操作限制的方法，以及金属含量是否会对炼油过程或用作燃料产生有害影响。

1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of total vanadium and nickel in crude and residual oil in the concentration ranges shown in Table 1 using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry. 1.2 Sulfur is measured for analytical purposes only for the compensation of X-ray absorption matrix effects affecting the vanadium and nickel X-rays. For measurement of sulfur by standard test method use Test Methods D4294 , D2622 or other suitable standard test method for sulfur in crude and residual oils. 1.3 This test method is limited to the use of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometers employing an X-ray tube for excitation in conjunction with wavelength dispersive detection system or energy dispersive high resolution semiconductor detector with the ability to separate signals of adjacent and near-adjacent elements. 1.4 This test method uses inter-element correction factors calculated from XRF theory, the fundamental parameters (FP) approach, or best fit regression. 1.5 Samples containing higher concentrations than shown in Table 1 must be diluted to bring the elemental concentration of the diluted material within the scope of this test method. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6.1 The preferred concentrations units are mg/kg for vanadium and nickel. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This test method provides a rapid and precise elemental measurement with simple sample preparation. Typical analysis times are approximately 4 min to 5 min per sample with a preparation time of approximately 1 min to 3 min per sample. 5.2 The quality of crude oil is related to the amount of sulfur present. Knowledge of the vanadium and nickel concentration is necessary for processing purposes as well as contractual agreements. 5.3 The presence of vanadium and nickel presents significant risks for contamination of the cracking catalysts in the refining process. 5.4 This test method provides a means of determining whether the vanadium and nickel content of crude meets the operational limits of the refinery and whether the metal content will have a deleterious effect on the refining process or when used as a fuel.