在建筑物中实施热电联产（CHP）概念的全部好处的实现取决于最佳的热电联产系统集成、规模和与公用电网并联或独立运行。这种认识需要评估适当的CHP设计/运行可能性，并为给定应用选择最佳候选方案。遵循热电联产模型的电力和热负荷肯定是此类候选对象之一。本文实质上是对之前一项研究的延伸，该研究针对的是一座假设办公楼的电网独立、电力负荷跟随热电联产系统。本研究的目的是评估热交换器的热力学性能- 对同一建筑的热电联产系统进行负荷跟踪，并将结果与之前的研究结果进行比较。当前工作范围包括（1）参数分析，解决子系统效率对总一次能源消耗的影响；（2）在两个层面上评估第一定律效率:热电联产系统和整个系统；（3）估算每月净电力进出口，（4）评估电力设施效率如何影响整个系统的能耗。参数分析表明，总一次能源消耗对on系统效率的提高具有积极而显著的响应性- 热负荷模型下的现场发电和建筑电气系统。类似的发现也与之前在CHP之后的电力负荷研究相呼应。月净电力输出（对于热负荷模型）发生在峰值冷却月份，此时建筑物热负荷最高。虽然现场发电和电气设备效率的提高降低了每月净进口电量，但吸收式冷却系统的这种措施的效果却恰恰相反。然而，电力进出口之间的最佳平衡问题只能通过经济评估来解决，这不在本工作范围内。 采用更高效吸收式冷却的方案对电力利用效率表现出更强的敏感性。从热力学第一定律的角度来看，CHP模型的热负荷优于之前研究的其他模型。该模型的月平均热电联产效率较高，对季节变化的敏感性相对较低。热负荷跟踪模型也提供了更高的整体系统效率（燃料利用率）。单位:双引文:ASHRAE交易，第110卷，pt。2.

Realization of the full benefits of implementing the combined heat and power (CHP) concept in buildings hinges upon optimum CHP system integration, sizing, and operation in parallel with, or independent of, the electric utility grid. This realization necessitates assessment of the appropriate CHP design/operation possibilities and selection of the best candidate for a given application. Electrical- and thermal-load-following CHP models are certainly among such candidates.This paper is essentially an extension of a previous study on a grid-independent, electrical-load-following CHP system for a hypothetical office building. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the thermodynamic performance of a thermal-load-following CHP system for the same building and to compare the results with those of the previous study. Included in the scope of the current work are (1) a parametric analysis addressing the influence of the subsystem efficiencies on the total primary energy consumption, (2) an evaluation of first-law efficiencies at two levels: CHP system and overall system, (3) an estimation of net monthly electricity import/export, and (4) an assessment of how electric utility efficiency affects the overall system energy consumption.The parametric analysis demonstrated the positive and significant responsiveness of the total primary energy consumption to improvements in the efficiencies of the on-site power generation and building electrical systems for the thermal-load-following model. A similar finding was also echoed by the previous work on the electrical-load-following CHP. The net monthly export of electricity (for the thermal-following-model) occurred during the peak cooling months, when the building thermal loads are the highest. While an increase in the efficiencies of the on-site power generation and electrical equipment reduced the net monthly import of electricity, the effects of such a measure with the absorption cooling system were the opposite. However, the issue of an optimum balance between export and import of electricity can only be addressed through an economic assessment, which is not within the scope of this work. The scenarios adopting more efficient absorption cooling showed a stronger sensitivity to the electrical utility efficiency.The thermal-load-following CHP model was found to be superior to the other previously studied model from the first-law thermodynamic standpoint. The monthly average CHP efficiency of this model was higher and comparatively much less sensitive to seasonal variations. The thermal-load-following model offered a higher overall system efficiency (fuel utilization) as well.Units: Dual