1.1 本指南涵盖了可能负责在院前环境中对所有年龄段的患者和受伤者进行初步护理的急救人员的最低绩效要求。 1.2 本指南包括基于个人获得的知识的目标，包括体征和症状；患者评估；基本生命支持/心肺复苏（BLS/CPR）；出血和休克；头骨、脊柱、胸部、腹部和四肢受伤；移动患者；医疗和环境紧急情况；分诊；获取访问权限；以及第一响应者可能遇到的危险情况。 1.3 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.4 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 本指南旨在提高向患者和受伤者提供的初始紧急医疗护理的质量。作为急救医疗现场的第一个受过培训的人员，急救人员必须熟练地提供患者护理并尽量减少进一步的并发症，直到受过更高培训的急救医疗服务人员介入。 4.2 在确定这些最小值时，指南承认了许多类型的急救医疗护理课程。本指南允许并鼓励添加可选的知识、技能和态度目标。执法、消防和滑雪巡逻等项目就是这种多样性满足当地社区具体需求的例子。 4.3 本指南旨在帮助那些负责定义第一响应者绩效范围的人员。 4.4 这本指南是 不 旨在用作紧急救护车人员的绩效范围（见实践 F1031 ).

1.1 This guide covers minimum requirements for the scope of performance of first responders who may be responsible for the initial care of sick and injured persons of all ages in the prehospital environment. 1.2 This guide includes objectives based on an individual's acquired knowledge, including signs and symptoms; patient assessment; basic life support/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (BLS/CPR); bleeding and shock; injuries to the skull, spine, chest, abdomen, and extremities; moving patients; medical and environmental emergencies; triage; gaining access; and hazardous situations that the first responder may encounter. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 The purpose of this guide is to improve the quality of initial emergency medical care provided to the sick and injured. As the first trained person at an emergency medical scene, it is critical that the first responder be proficient in providing patient care and minimizing further complications until more highly trained emergency medical service personnel intervene. 4.2 In identifying these minima, the guide acknowledges many types of first responder emergency medical care courses of study. This guide allows and encourages the addition of optional knowledge, skill, and attitudinal objectives. Programs such as those for law enforcement, firefighters, and ski patrol are examples of this diversity meeting specific local community needs. 4.3 This guide is intended to assist those who are responsible for defining the scope of performance for first responders. 4.4 This guide is not intended to be used as a scope of performance for emergency ambulance personnel (see Practice F1031 ).