冰蓄冷是冷却不同类型建筑的最具成本效益、最可靠的系统方法。冰蓄冷可以通过将制冷成本从高峰时段转移到非高峰时段来降低能源成本。本文讨论了冰蓄冷的优化设计及其对能源消耗、需求和总能源成本的影响。开发了一种冰蓄冷器优化设计工具，考虑了制冷机和冰蓄冷器的尺寸以及充放电时间等变量。采用遗传算法求解优化问题。详细的模拟研究使用了位于佛罗里达州奥兰多附近的真实办公楼，包括使用率结构。 该研究考虑了冰蓄冷对制冷机性能和相关能源成本的影响，并证明了通过优化冰蓄冷设计实现的成本节约。整个建筑能耗模拟模型用于生成设计日和全年的每小时冷负荷。其他收集的变量，如冷凝器进水温度、冷冻水出水温度、室外空气干球温度和湿球温度，被用作基于DOE-2制冷机模型的制冷机模型的输入，以确定相关的冷却能量使用。结果表明，利用本文提出的工具进行优化冰蓄冷设计可以显著节能。 引文:ASHRAE交易——第120卷，第一部分，纽约州纽约

Cooling with ice thermal storage can be the most costeffective, reliable, system approach to cooling different types of buildings. The ice thermal storage can reduce energy costs by shifting the cooling cost from on-peak to off-peak periods. The paper discusses the optimal design of ice thermal storage and its impact on energy consumption, demand, and total energy cost. A tool for optimal design of ice storage is developed, considering variables such as chiller and ice storage sizes and charging and discharge times. A genetic algorithm is used to solve the optimization problem. Detailed simulation studies using a real office building located near Orlando, FL, including utility rate structure, are presented. The study considers the effect of the ice thermal storage on the chiller performance and the associated energy cost and demonstrates the cost saving achieved from optimal ice storage design. A whole-building energy simulation model is used to generate the hourly cooling load for both design day and entire year. Other collected variables such as condenser entering water temperature, chilled water leaving temperature, and outdoor air dry bulb and wet bulb temperatures are used as inputs to a chiller model based on DOE-2 chiller model to determine the associated cooling energy use. The results show that a significant energy saving can be achieved by optimal ice storagedesign using the tool proposed in this paper.