不断恶化的饮用水质量，包括蓝藻衍生细菌的存在 引起味觉和气味的化合物和藻类毒素，仍然是人们关注的主要问题 市政饮用水供应商。对于许多公用事业单位来说，紫外线消毒（UV）是遵守处理要求的最佳选择 美国环境保护局的长期2增强表面处理要求 水处理规则（LT2）。在里面 此外，人们越来越意识到基于紫外光的高级氧化工艺用于 处理水中的微污染物，包括处理引起味道和气味的化合物，以及 相关藻类毒素。 几个市政当局已经安装或正在安装全套系统- 鳞片紫外线氧化 味觉、气味和藻类同时消毒和处理系统 毒素。选择的例子包括德克萨斯州格罗斯贝克市（每天200万加仑） [MGD]峰值流量），加利福尼亚州卢塞恩（1 MGD）和加拿大安大略省康沃尔（26 MGD）。每个紫外线 消毒/紫外线氧化系统以两种模式运行，仅消毒模式和T&O控制模式 +消毒模式。在一年中的大部分时间里，在仅消毒模式下，紫外线 该系统在足以使微生物失活的较低能量水平下运行。在 在T&O事件中，紫外线系统在T&O控制+消毒模式下运行。在这种模式下， 额外的紫外线灯被通电，过氧化氢被投加到电池上游的水中 紫外线系统。紫外线和过氧化氢的结合会引发氧化反应 这会破坏导致T&O的化学物质，并提高消毒水平。 从选定的性能验证研究中获得的数据证明了全面测试的能力 紫外线氧化系统可去除导致T&O的化合物。例如，在典型的运行模式下 在安大略省康沃尔的条件下，geosmin的含量降低了90%。实际T&O减少量 收集到的数据与预测模型的结果比较良好。数据显示，其他蓝藻衍生的化合物 导致鱼腥味、沼泽味和草腥味（FSG），并通过紫外线氧化消除气味。 这些FSG化合物包括二甲基三硫化物（顺式）4- 庚醛，顺-3-己烯醋酸酯，和 （2）反式七烯醛。FSG化合物的处理效率与 MIB和Geomin。 最后，证明紫外线氧化过程对破坏 进行了藻类毒素的实验室研究。藻类毒素，包括微囊藻毒素LR， 圆筒状视紫质、类毒素-a和虎耳草毒素可以通过溶解释放到水中 在紫外线预处理步骤中，蓝藻细胞的数量增加，并已被证明会导致急性和慢性感染 对人类和动物的慢性健康影响。结果表明，这些化合物吸收紫外线 光在UV-C范围内，也会通过由 羟基自由基。因此，设计用于去除T&O化合物的紫外线氧化系统将 还可以完成藻类毒素的治疗。包括4个参考文献、图表。

Deteriorating drinking water quality, including the presence of cyanobacteria-derived taste and odor-causing compounds and algal toxins, continues to be a major concern for municipal drinking water suppliers. For many utilities ultraviolet disinfection (UV) is the best option to comply with the treatment requirements of the US Environmental Protection Agency's Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LT2). In addition, there is a growing awareness of UV light-based advanced oxidation processes for treating micropollutants in water, including treatment of taste and odor-causing compounds and associated algal toxins. Several municipalities have installed or are in the process of installing full-scale UV-oxidation systems for simultaneous disinfection and treatment of taste and odor and algal toxins. Selected examples include the cities of Groesbeck, Texas (2 million gallons per day [MGD] peak flow), Lucerne, California (1 MGD) and Cornwall, Ontario, Canada (26 MGD). Each UV disinfection/UV-oxidation system operates in two modes, Disinfection-Only Mode and T&O Control + Disinfection Mode. In Disinfection-Only Mode during the majority of the year, the UV system is operated at lower energy levels sufficient for inactivation of microorganisms. During a T&O event, the UV system is operated in T&O-Control + Disinfection Mode. In this mode, additional UV lamps are energized and hydrogen peroxide dosed into the water upstream of the UV system. The combination of UV light and hydrogen peroxide initiates an oxidation reaction that destroys T&O-causing chemicals and increases the level of disinfection. Data from selected performance validation studies demonstrates the ability of full-scale UV-oxidation systems to remove T&O-causing compounds. For example, at typical operating conditions at Cornwall, Ontario, 90% reduction of geosmin was achieved. Actual T&O reduction data collected compares well to results of predictive models. Data is presented that demonstrates that other cyanobacteria-derived compounds that lead to fishy, swampy and grassy (FSG) tastes and odors are eliminated by UV-oxidation. These FSG compounds include dimethyl trisulfide, (cis) 4-heptanal, cis-3-hexenyl acetate, and (trans, trans) 2,4-heptadienal. FSG compounds are treated with efficiencies that are similar to MIB and geosmin. Finally, to demonstrate that the UV-oxidation process is effective for the destruction of algal toxins, bench-scale studies were performed. Algal toxins, including microcystin-LR, cylindrospermopsin, anatoxin-a, and saxitoxin, can be released into the water through the lysis of cyanobacteria cells in pre-UV treatment steps and have been proven to cause acute and chronic health effects in humans and animals. Results indicated that these compounds absorb UV light in the UV-C range and are also degraded rapidly through the oxidation initiated by the hydroxyl radical. Therefore, a UV-oxidation system designed to remove T&O compounds will also accomplish treatment of algal toxins. Includes 4 references, figures.