1.1 本指南介绍了一种选择用于在役润滑剂分析的试验的方法。在工业应用中监测失效模式进展的流体试验的选择应用了失效模式和影响分析（FMEA）的原则。 1.2 尽管典型的FMEA处理了所有可能的产品故障模式，但本指南的重点并不在于处理具有非常高的不安全操作概率的故障，因为这些故障应立即通过其他方式解决。 1.3 本指南仅限于为状态监测计划选择的部件，提供了一种方法，用于选择与特定故障模式相关的流体测试，以确定其最早发展阶段并监测故障进展。 本指南的范围还侧重于那些可通过流体分析技术有效检测和监测的失效模式及其后果。 1.4 本指南涉及用于确保执行适当数量的状态监测的过程，目的是提高设备可靠性，降低维护成本，并加强工业机械的流体分析监测。本指南还可用于选择进行故障确定所需的监测频率，并评估当前状态监测计划的优缺点。 1.5 本指南并未消除适当装配、操作和维护实践的计划要求。 1.6 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 =====意义和用途====== 5.1 本指南旨在作为流体分析程序的指南，并作为选择流体测试和取样频率的初步依据。 需要电厂运行经验以及类似应用的审查和基准测试，以确保经验教训得到落实。 5.2 选择适当的流体试验来评估在用部件状况可能会对安全和经济产生影响。某些故障模式可能导致部件解体，增加安全风险。因此，任何能够预测此类状况的流体测试都应包含在状况监测计划中。相反，为了维持可持续和成功的流体监测计划，流体测试的范围和频率应在相关风险与预期计划成本节约和效益之间进行仔细平衡。 5.3 所监控的故障模式在不同的应用中可能相似，但故障的风险和后果可能不同。 5.4 该分析可用于确定哪些在役润滑剂分析试验具有最高价值，哪些对相关失效模式无效。该信息还可用于确定一套故障模式的最佳监控策略，以及管理故障风险所需的评估频率。

1.1 This guide describes a methodology to select tests to be used for in-service lubricant analysis. The selection of fluid tests for monitoring failure mode progression in industrial applications applies the principles of failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA). 1.2 Although typical FMEA addresses all possible product failure modes, the focus of this guide is not intended to address failures that have a very high probability of unsafe operation as these should immediately be addressed by other means. 1.3 This guide is limited to components selected for condition-monitoring programs by providing a methodology to choose fluid tests associated with specific failure modes for the purpose of identifying their earliest developing stage and monitoring fault progression. The scope of this guide is also focused on those failure modes and their consequences that can effectively be detected and monitored by fluid analysis techniques. 1.4 This guide pertains to a process to be used to ensure an appropriate amount of condition monitoring is performed with the objective of improving equipment reliability, reducing maintenance costs, and enhancing fluid analysis monitoring of industrial machinery. This guide can also be used to select the monitoring frequencies needed to make the failure determinations and provide an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of a current condition-monitoring program. 1.5 This guide does not eliminate the programmatic requirements for appropriate assembly, operational, and maintenance practices. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This guide is intended as a guideline for fluid analysis programs and serves as an initial justification for selecting fluid tests and sampling frequencies. Plant operating experience along with the review and benchmarking of similar applications is required to ensure that lessons learned are implemented. 5.2 Selection of proper fluid tests for assessing in-service component condition may have both safety and economic implications. Some failure modes may cause component disintegration, increasing the safety hazard. Thus, any fluid test that can predict such conditions should be included in the condition-monitoring program. Conversely, to maintain a sustainable and successful fluid-monitoring program, the scope of the fluid tests and their frequency should be carefully balanced between the associated risks versus expected program cost savings and benefits. 5.3 The failure modes monitored may be similar from one application to the next, but the risk and consequences of failure may differ. 5.4 This analysis can be used to determine which in-service lubricant analysis tests would be of highest value and which would be ineffective for the failure modes of interest. This information can also be used to determine the best monitoring strategy for a suite of failure modes and how often assessment is needed to manage the risk of failure.