历史上，水资源的保护要么发生在干旱时期，要么发生在 某些外部因素（如增长）造成了水资源供应紧张的局面 他们的极限。直到最近，很少有人考虑如何管理中国的水资源 水资源丰富的地区，尤其是在非干旱时期。然而，由于天气不可预测 随着对水资源需求的增加，人们越来越关注水资源的管理 全年持续的水资源。这种对资源的“管理”可以是 通过多种不同的方式实现，包括但不限于定价策略， 客户教育、替代费率结构和强制性限制。 斯帕坦堡供水系统（SWS）位于南卡罗来纳州斯帕坦堡，于年实施 2002年8月，对其服务范围内的客户实施强制外部浇水限制计划 地区限制浇水的目的是减少充足水的供应 在五年的干旱之后，该国水库的水供应。这场干旱 在五年期间，创纪录的55英寸以上的降雨量不足，引发了人们对以下问题的担忧: 如果干旱持续12年，SWS满足系统需求的能力 月。为了应对这一担忧，SWS实施了多项保护措施，包括 之前提到的外部浇水限制旨在降低可用的浇水率 水库供水正在枯竭。 以20%的全系统减排目标 能够减少水需求，延长可用水供应，并确保水资源得到充分利用 在未来继续为其客户提供服务。虽然在水外是强制性的 2002年秋天，也就是五年计划结束三年后的今天，限制被取消 在干旱的情况下，SWS继续通过 创新控制策略的数量。 由于最近的旱灾，我们吸取了许多教训。 首先， 水资源的管理应该是持续的，并且应该进行长期规划 目标是减少峰值和平均日需求。此外，还应努力实现这一目标 加强节水方面的公众教育。在研究近期历史水资源时 需求方面，SWS已经能够通过 实施各种管理技术以及积极的营销活动 利用多媒体的优势有效吸引水系统客户。仅包含摘要。

Historically, conservation of water resources occurs either during periods of drought or when certain external factors (such as growth) create a situation where water supplies are stretched to their limit. Until recently, little if any thought has been given to managing water resources in water-rich areas, especially during non-drought periods. However, with unpredictable weather patterns, along with increased demands for water, more attention is being directed at managing water resources on a continuous, year-round basis. This "management" of resources can be accomplished in a number of different ways, including, but not limited to, pricing strategies, customer education, alternative rate structures, and mandatory restrictions. Spartanburg Water System (SWS), located in Spartanburg, South Carolina, implemented in August 2002 a mandatory outside watering restriction program for customers within its service area. The purpose behind the watering restriction was to attenuate the availability of ample water supplies in its reservoirs in the wake of a five-year drought. This drought, which produced a record deficit rainfall of 55+ inches during the five-year period, created concerns regarding SWS's ability to meet system demands should the drought have continued for an additional 12 months. To react to this concern, SWS implemented several conservation measures, including the previously mentioned outside watering restrictions, aimed at reducing the rate available reservoir water supplies were being depleted. With a 20% system-wide reduction goal, SWS was able to reduce water demand, prolong available water supplies, and ensure that water would continue to be available for its customers in the future. Although mandatory outside water restrictions were lifted in the fall of 2002, today, three years after the culmination of the five-year drought, SWS continues to be successful in reducing system-wide water demands through a number of innovative control strategies. As a result of the most recent drought, many lessons were learned. First and foremost, management of water resources should be continuous, and long-range planning efforts should target reduction of both peak and average daily demands. Moreover, efforts should be made to increase public education regarding water conservation. In examining near-term historical water demands, SWS has been able to effectively manage and reduce these demands through the implementation of various management techniques as well as an aggressive marketing campaign utilizing the benefits of multimedia to effectively engage water system customers. Includes abstract only.