在ASHRAE和美国能源部（DOE）联合赞助的一个项目中，研究了一种通过复杂的开窗系统（包括遮阳帘或百叶窗等非特殊层）预测太阳能热增益的新方法。在该方法中，使用扫描辐射计测量开窗系统各层的双向辐射透射率和反射率。然后，通过透射/多次反射计算，从测量的层特性计算出包含这些层的系统特性。计算得出了开窗系统的总方向半球透射率和逐层吸收率。这些特性反过来又与吸收太阳能向内流动部分的特定层测量相结合，以产生整体太阳能热增益系数。描述了使用自动化、大型仪器测量空间平均双向光学特性的方法- 样品测角辐射计/光度计，称为“扫描辐射计”。介绍了一种常用的光学最复杂的系统——百叶窗的性能测量。这些测量将构成光学系统计算的基础，用于测试确定性能的方法。关键词:1995年，测量，光学特性，阴影，百叶窗，计算，太阳热增益，窗户，辐射测量，热流，反射系数，透射，透射率，太阳吸收率，特性，热增益，光度，百叶窗，性能说明:研讨会，ASHRAE Trans。1995年，第101卷，第一部分，论文编号CH-95-1-11525-527

A new method of predicting the solar heat gain through complex fenestration systems involving nonspecular layers such as shades or blinds has been examined in a project jointly sponsored by ASHRAE and the US Department of Energy (DOE). In this method, a scanning radiometer is used to measure the bidirectional radiative transmittance and reflectance of each layer of a fenestration system. The properties of systems containing these layers are then built up computationally from the measured layer properties using a transmission/multiple-reflection calculation. The calculation produces the total directional-hemispherical transmittance of the fenestration system and the layer-by-layer absorptances. These properties are, in turn, combined with layer-specific measurements of the inward-flowing fractions of absorbed solar energy to produce the overall solar heat gain coefficient. Describes the method of measuring the spatially averaged bidirectional optical properties using an automated, large-sample gonio-radiometer/photometer, termed a "scanning radiometer". Property measurements are presented for one of the most optically complex systems in common use, a venetian blind. These measurements will form the basis for optical system calculations used to test the method of determining performance.KEYWORDS: year 1995, measuring, optical properties, shades, blinds, calculating, solar heat gain, windows, radiometry, heat flow, reflectance factor, transmission, transmittance, solar absorptivity, properties, heat gain, photometry, venetian blinds, performance