药物性内分泌干扰化合物 物质（EDS）已成为令人担忧的化合物，尤其是当 存在于饮用水生产的原水中。膜过滤 尤其是纳滤（NF）是一种很有前途的去除这些污染物的技术 从地表水冒出的污染物。本研究采用生物过滤法 用作超滤（UF）和NF的预处理，以及每个过滤过程 单独研究，并与生物过滤相结合。总体目标是 两方面，研究选定污染物的去除，并评估 同时膜污染。研究的化合物是除草剂 阿特拉津、抗癫痫药物卡马西平、驱虫剂避蚊胺、抗癫痫药物- 炎症 布洛芬和萘普生以及洗涤剂降解副产物 壬基酚。膜过滤之前的生物过滤有可能 清除或尽量减少污垢材料，但也可能能够清除 选定的污染物。当地一条河流的地表水流经一条河流 在这些实验中使用粗滤器之前。初步结果主要是 正如预期的那样，即超滤污染物的低去除率和高去除率 用NF。生物过滤显示出一些污染物的去除，但结果尚不清楚 有待确认。即使使用之前的粗滤器，NF也不能连续运行 由于严重污染而需要的任何时间长度，因此需要进行预处理。 初步实验表明，当 采用生物过滤。UF具有良好的浊度去除效果和一定的TOC 移动包括14个参考文献、表格和图表。

Pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) and endocrine disrupting substances (EDS) have emerged as compounds of concern, particularly when present in raw water for drinking water production. Membrane filtration and especially nanofiltration (NF) is a promising technique for the removal of these emerging contaminants from surface water. In this study biological filtration is used as pretreatment for ultrafiltration (UF) and NF, and each filtration process is studied alone and in combination with biological filtration. The overall goals are twofold, to study the removal of selected contaminants and to assess membrane fouling at the same time. Compounds investigated are the herbicide atrazine, the anti-epileptic carbamazepine, the insect repellent DEET, the anti-inflammatories ibuprofen and naproxen, and the detergent degradation byproduct nonylphenol. Biological filtration prior to membrane filtration has the potential to remove or minimize the foulant materials but may also be capable of removing selected contaminants. Surface water from a local river was passed through a roughing filter prior to being used in these experiments. Initial results were mainly as expected, namely low removals of contaminants with UF and high removals with NF. Biological filtration showed some contaminant removal but results need to be confirmed. Even with a preceding roughing filter NF can not be operated for any length of time due to severe fouling thus making pretreatment necessary. Preliminary experiments showed a reduction in fouling of the NF unit when employing biofiltration. UF showed good turbidity removal and some TOC removal. Includes 14 references, tables, figures.