本文介绍了一种提高太阳能潜能的住宅单元屋顶设计方法，以及其中一些设计在节能住宅单元中的应用。其基本原理是利用接近南部的完整屋顶表面进行太阳能集热器，以产生热量和电能。屋顶表面形态的设计结合了同时产生电能和热能的建筑集成光伏/热能（BIPV/T）系统的应用。该方法利用了BIPV/T系统的热输出和电输出之间的相关性，并分析了BIPV/T系统的倾斜和定向角度组合的影响。 在矩形住宅单元的屋顶上实现了最佳配置。倾斜角度为45°的Gableroof用作参考。基本矩形形状经过重新设计，以符合最佳屋顶几何形状的轮廓。根据供暖和制冷需求分析能源性能，以评估屋顶形状的影响。与参考屋顶相比，一些屋顶形状的设计使BIPV/T系统的潜力增加了30%。屋顶设计对热负荷和冷负荷的影响并不显著（小于5%）。虽然重新设计单元形状不会显著影响其能源性能，但它可以提供一定的设计灵活性。 除了优化能源生产，光伏/热系统在不同方向的表面上的集成使峰值发电时间延长到3小时。该功能有助于减少电网需求和供电之间的不匹配。引用:ASHRAE Trans。，第118卷第。德克萨斯州圣安东尼奥2号

This paper presents a design methodology of housingunits' roofs for increased solar potential, and the applicationof some of these designs to energy efficient housing units. Thebasic principle is the utilization of complete near-south facingroof surfaces for solar collectors that generate both heat andelectricity. The design of roof surface morphology incorporatesthe application of building-integrated photovoltaic/thermal(BIPV/T) system that generates simultaneously electricaland thermal energy. The methodology employs a correlationbetween thermal and electrical output of the BIPV/T system,and analysis of the effect of combinations of tilt and orientationangles of the BIPV/T system. Optimal configurations areimplemented in the roof of a rectangular housing unit. Gableroof with 45° tilt angle is used as reference. The basic rectangularshape is redesigned to follow the contour of optimal roofgeometries. Energy performance, in terms of heating and coolingdemands, is analyzed to evaluate the effect of roof shape.Some roof shape designs enable increasing the potential ofBIPV/T systems by up to 30%, as compared to the referenceroof. The effect of roof design on heating and cooling loads isnot highly significant ( less than 5%). While redesigning unit shapesdoes not significantly affect their energy performance, it canprovide some design flexibility. In addition to optimizingenergy production, the integration of photovoltaic/thermalsystems in surfaces with different orientations enables a spreadof the timing of peak electricity generation over up to 3 hours.This feature can be beneficial in reducing mismatch betweendemand and supply of the grid.