ISO 148-2:2016涵盖了摆锤式冲击试验机的验证，包括其结构元件、整体性能和结果的准确性。它适用于带有2mm或8mm撞击杆的机器，用于进行摆锤冲击试验，例如，根据ISO 148-1进行的试验。 它可以应用于各种容量和不同设计的摆锤冲击试验机。 根据ISO 148本部分，用于金属材料工业、通用或研究实验室测试的冲击机称为工业机器。那些要求更严格的机器被称为参考机器。参考机器验证规范见ISO 148-3。 ISO 148-2:2016描述了两种验证方法。 a） 直接法本质上是静态的，包括测量机器的关键部件，以确保其符合ISO 148本部分的要求。用于验证和校准的仪器可追溯至国家或国际标准。 b） 间接法本质上是动态的，它使用参考试件来验证测量刻度上的吸收能量点。参考试样的要求见ISO 148-3。 摆锤冲击试验机在通过直接和间接方法验证并满足第6条和第7条的要求之前，不符合ISO 148本部分的要求。 ISO 148-2:2016描述了如何评估试件破裂时吸收的总能量的不同成分。 总吸收能量包括 -断裂试样本身所需的能量，以及 -摆锤冲击试验机从初始位置进行前半个周期摆动时的内能损失。 注:内部能量损失由以下原因造成: -空气阻力、旋转轴轴承和摆锤指示指针的摩擦，可通过直接法测定（见6.4.5）； -基础的震动，框架和钟摆的振动，没有合适的测量方法和装置。

ISO 148-2:2016 covers the verification of pendulum-type impact testing machines, in terms of their constructional elements, their overall performance and the accuracy of the results they produce. It is applicable to machines with 2 mm or 8 mm strikers used for pendulum impact tests carried out, for instance, in accordance with ISO 148？1. It can be applied to pendulum impact testing machines of various capacities and of different design. Impact machines used for industrial, general or research laboratory testing of metallic materials in accordance with this part of ISO 148 are referred to as industrial machines. Those with more stringent requirements are referred to as reference machines. Specifications for the verification of reference machines are found in ISO 148？3. ISO 148-2:2016 describes two methods of verification. a) The direct method, which is static in nature, involves measurement of the critical parts of the machine to ensure that it meets the requirements of this part of ISO 148. Instruments used for the verification and calibration are traceable to national or international standards. b) The indirect method, which is dynamic in nature, uses reference test pieces to verify points on the measuring scale for absorbed energy. The requirements for the reference test pieces are found in ISO 148？3. A pendulum impact testing machine is not in compliance with this part of ISO 148 until it has been verified by both the direct and indirect methods and meets the requirements of Clause 6 and Clause 7. ISO 148-2:2016 describes how to assess the different components of the total energy absorbed in fracturing a test piece. This total absorbed energy consists of - the energy needed to fracture the test piece itself, and - the internal energy losses of the pendulum impact testing machine performing the first half-cycle swing from the initial position. NOTE Internal energy losses are due to the following: - air resistance, friction of the bearings of the rotation axis and of the indicating pointer of the pendulum which can be determined by the direct method (see 6.4.5); - shock of the foundation, vibration of the frame and pendulum for which no suitable measuring methods and apparatus have been developed.