许多现有的浪涌分析指南 而且设计过于简单和不充分 解决瞬态现象的复杂性。这 这篇文章回顾了文献中发现的几个指导原则 并系统地详细说明这些规则是如何分解的。 为了证明规则固有的局限性， 作者还包括案例研究，比较了简化的 综合分析。 管理分销系统面临的挑战之一 水质是防止污染物 可能通过减少或减少的泄漏侵入管道 负压瞬变。简化的规则会导致 结果不准确，浪涌保护不足。水 供应商需要对该账户进行全面的激增分析 对于管道连接等特定系统特性， 死端、不均匀管道以及 波反射等复杂因素。如果水 社区将继续提供安全饮用水， 所有与瞬变相关的条件必须 在系统设计和运行中考虑。包括17个参考文献、表格、图表。

Many of the existing guidelines for surge analysis and design are overly simplified and inadequately address the complexity of transient phenomena. This article reviews several guidelines found in the literature and systematically details how these rules break down. To demonstrate the limitations inherent in the rules, the authors also include case studies comparing a simplified analysis with a comprehensive one. One of the challenges in managing distribution system water quality is safeguarding against contaminants that can intrude into pipes through leaks from reduced- or negative-pressure transients. Simplified rules can lead to inaccurate results and insufficient surge protection. Water suppliers need comprehensive surge analyses that account for specific system characteristics such as pipe connections, dead ends, and nonuniform pipelines as well as complex factors such as wave reflection. If the water community is to continue providing safe drinking water, all of the conditions associated with transients must be considered in system design and operation. Includes 17 references, tables, figures.