1.1 本试验方法涵盖了铸铁中石墨的类型、分布和尺寸的分类，通过与参考显微照片的视觉比较进行分类。本试验方法适用于所有含有石墨颗粒的铁碳合金，也可适用于灰铸铁、可锻铸铁、压实石墨铸铁和球墨铸铁。 1.2 本试验方法中包含的参考显微照片决不能解释为规范。在石墨微观结构是一个重要考虑因素的特定材料的适当规范中，该试验方法可作为简要定义所需石墨微观结构的参考。 1.3 提供这些参考显微照片主要是为了准确报告铸铁的微观结构，并便于不同实验室或研究人员对报告进行比较。 1.4 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.5 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 观察到的石墨颗粒与图表中所示结构的比较仅提供了关于所评估样品中石墨的类型、分布和尺寸的纯粹描述性信息。 它没有表明石墨的来源或铁碳合金对特定服务的适用性，除非以非常广泛的方式。

1.1 This test method covers the classification of graphite in cast irons in terms of type, distribution, and size by visual comparison to reference photomicrographs. This test method is intended to be applicable for all iron-carbon alloys containing graphite particles, and may be applied to gray irons, malleable irons, compacted graphite irons, and the ductile (nodular) irons. 1.2 The reference photomicrographs included in this test method are in no way to be construed as specifications. In an appropriate specification for a specific material where graphite microstructure is an important consideration, this test method may be used as a reference to concisely define the graphite microstructure required. 1.3 These reference photomicrographs are offered primarily to permit accurate reporting of microstructures of cast irons and to facilitate the comparison of reports by different laboratories or investigators. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 The comparison of observed graphite particles with the structures shown in the charts give only purely descriptive information on the type, distribution, and size of the graphite in the sample being evaluated. It does not indicate, except in a very broad way, the origin of the graphite or the suitability of the iron-carbon alloy for a particular service.