马拉硫磷是一种用于控制蚊子、苍蝇、虱子和其他昆虫的杀虫剂 家庭害虫。它也被用来杀死水果、蔬菜和观赏植物上的昆虫。它是 一种有机磷化合物，是几种商用杀虫剂的一部分。因为 马拉硫磷在水中的溶解度（130 ppm），可在地表水和地下水中发现 由于各种用途产生的径流。在土壤中，它会迅速降解，这取决于土壤 类型和环境条件。土壤中的半衰期通常为1-25天，空气中的半衰期为 1.5天，在天然水域中不到一周。紫外线 （紫外线）光作为一种提供 小型系统的消毒。不幸的是，紫外线的剂量需要破坏 杀虫剂通常太大，不适用于小型供水系统。然而，紫外线 concert与紫外线敏化剂能够产生羟基自由基，而羟基自由基 减少破坏杀虫剂所需的紫外线剂量。 羟基自由基是强氧化剂， 甚至比臭氧还强。 本研究的目的是:评估马拉硫磷的降解 紫外线；评估过氧化氢、Fe（II）和Fe（III）作为可能的敏化剂。 将含有马拉硫磷的溶液放入有或无所需浓度的培养皿中 敏化剂。通过改变时间，样品暴露在不同剂量的紫外线下。 光源是Calgon Carbon公司生产的1千瓦中压紫外线灯。 只有水的紫外线需要1320 mJ/cm²的剂量才能降解85%的紫外线 马拉硫磷（16mg/L）。在紫外线和0.1%H₂O₂条件下，治疗需要323 mJ/cm² 完全降解。UV/Fe^{2+/sup>/H₂O₂溶液降解了超过90%的溶液 65 mJ/cm剂量的马拉硫磷2，而UV/Fe3+/sup>/H₂O₂降解率大于90% 紫外线剂量为77 mJ/cm时马拉硫磷的浓度2。 在存在敏化剂（如铁和过氧化氢）的情况下，紫外线剂量 数量大幅减少，并且在目前用于杀死日本病原体的范围内 饮用水。在这些敏化剂存在的情况下，使用紫外线来破坏马拉硫磷是可行的。包括8个参考文献、表格、图表。}

Malathion is an insecticide used to control mosquitoes, flies, lice and other household pests. It is also used to kill insects on fruits, vegetables and ornamentals. It is an organophosphate compound and is part of several commercial insecticides. Because of its solubility in water (130 ppm), malathion can be found in surface and groundwaters as a result of runoff from its various uses. In soil, it degrades rapidly depending on soil type and environmental conditions. The half-life in soil is typically 1-25 days, in air is 1.5 days and in natural waters is less than a week. Ultraviolet (UV) light has received considerable attention recently as a way to provide disinfection for small systems. Unfortunately the dose of UV required to destroy pesticides is often too large to be feasible for small water systems. However, UV in concert with UV sensitizers is capable of producing hydroxyl radicals, which can greatly reduce the required UV dose to destroy pesticides. Hydroxyl radicals are strong oxidants, even stronger than ozone. The objectives of this study were to: evaluate degradation of malathion with UV light; and, evaluate hydrogen peroxide, Fe (II), and Fe (III) as possible sensitizers. Solutions with malathion were placed into a petri dish with or without the desired sensitizer. Samples were exposed to different doses of UV light by varying the time. The light source was a 1 kw medium pressure UV lamp from Calgon Carbon. The UV with just water required a dose of 1320 mJ/cm² to degrade 85% of the malathion (16mg/L). With UV and 0.1 % H₂O₂, a dose of 323 mJ/cm² was required for complete degradation. The UV/Fe²⁺/ H₂O₂ solution degraded greater than 90% of the malathion at a dose of 65 mJ/cm², while the UV/ Fe ³⁺/ H₂O₂ degraded greater than 90% of the malathion at a UV dose of 77 mJ/cm². In the presence of sensitizers, such as iron and hydrogen peroxide, the UV dose was drastically reduced and is in the range that is currently being used to kill pathogens in drinking water. In the presence of these sensitizers it is feasible to use UV to destroy malathion. Includes 8 references, table, figures.