最近，许多欧洲隧道发生重大火灾，需要重新评估公路隧道火灾荷载。这表明，除了隧道通风系统外，隧道安全还需要使用固定灭火系统。这给隧道安全系统的设计带来了新的挑战。通风系统的类型影响喷水灭火系统的类型，喷水灭火系统的设计影响通风系统的性能。设计还受系统激活顺序的影响。例如，在平静气流期间启动洒水车与在充分发展的湍流气流期间启动洒水车不同，后者可能带走洒水车液滴。另一方面，由于洒水装置产生的水幕，通风系统可能会遇到显著阻力。本文论述了隧道通风系统的类型、自动喷水灭火系统的类型、它们的影响和新的设计挑战，以实现最终目标，即在火灾紧急情况下为疏散提供一个安全、可维持的环境。 引文:内华达州拉斯维加斯ASHRAE会议论文

Recently there have been major fires in a number of European tunnels that required reevaluation of road tunnel fire loads. This showed that tunnel safety requires applying a fixed fire suppression system in addition to a tunnel ventilation system. This introduces a new challenge when designing tunnel safety systems. The type of ventilation system influences the type of sprinkler system and the sprinkler system design impacts the ventilation system performance. The design is also affected by the sequence of system activation. For example, sprinkler activation during calm airflow will differ from activation during fully developed turbulent air flow, which may carry away sprinkler droplets. On the other hand, the ventilation system may experience significant resistance due to water curtains created by the sprinklers. This paper addresses the types of tunnel ventilation systems, types of sprinkler systems, their influences and new design challenges to achieve a final goal, which is a safe tenable environment for evacuation during a fire emergency.