The prediction of the maximum internal pressure which a thick-walled cylindrical vessel can resist is an important problem in pressure vessel design. Various theories for defining the strength of thick-walled cylindrical pressure vessels have been reviewed by Burrows, et al. and more recently by Marin and Rimrott. A new theory for predicting the maximum internal pressure that can be applied to thick-walled vessels was recently proposed by Marin and Rimrott. To determine the accuracy of this and other theories, a review of existing experimental data on the strength of thick-walled cylinders subjected to internal pressure was made. This review showed a scarcity and incompleteness of necessary information. Furthermore, the few investigations which give complete information were not made on materials manufactured in the United States. For the foregoing reasons, the Pressure Vessel Research Committee authorized an experimental investigation on the strength of thick-walled cylinders subjected to internal pressures. This investigation was to be made for the purpose of determining the validity of available theories for predicting the maximum pressure that can be applied to a thick walled cylindrical vessel. For this purpose, several materials will be investigated and various ratios of the outside to inside diameters considered. The present paper deals with the part of this investigation covering the strength of thick-walled cylindrical vessels made of an aluminum alloy, 6061-T4.