1.1 本规程涵盖了表面粉尘的微真空收集，用于随后测定金属和类金属。主要用途是从软、粗糙或多孔表面取样。 1.2 使用连接至过滤器支架（采样盒）的收集喷嘴进行微真空采样，过滤器支架（采样盒）连接至空气采样泵。 1.3 本规程允许在加载基础（每单位面积采样的元素质量）或浓度基础（每单位质量采集的样品的元素质量）或两者的基础上对金属和类金属进行后续测定。 1.4 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。 本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.5 限制- 由于微真空采样方法固有的许多物理因素，真空粉尘样品的分析结果不可能反映样品采集之前采样区域内包含的总粉尘。事实上，粉尘收集通常倾向于较小、密度较低的粉尘颗粒。然而，使用本标准惯例将产生在各种采样位置和地点进行微真空采集的操作员之间一致和可比的数据。 2. 1.6 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 人体接触表面灰尘中的有毒金属和类金属可能是皮肤接触或摄入受污染的灰尘所致。 此外，吸入暴露可能是由于污染表面的干扰性粉尘颗粒引起的。因此，需要收集和分析表面粉尘样品中金属和类金属的标准化方法，以评估人类暴露于有毒元素的可能性。 5.2 本规程涉及使用采样设备收集可能含有有毒金属和类金属的表面粉尘样品，供合格的技术专业人员使用。 5.3 该实践允许随后在面积（负载）或质量浓度基础上或两者的基础上测定收集的元素浓度。 5.4 由于在喷嘴内表面上收集灰尘可能会导致颗粒损失，因此规定了收集喷嘴的长度，以使此类损失在不同样品之间具有可比性。 5.5 本规程适用于收集表面灰尘样本，例如: （a） 柔软、多孔的表面，如地毯或软垫； （b） 坚硬、粗糙的表面，如混凝土或粗糙的木材； （c） 无法通过其他方式（如实践中所述的擦拭取样）轻松取样的受限区域 D6966 ). 擦拭采样（实践）是一种可用于收集坚硬光滑表面表面灰尘的配套采样技术 D6966 ). 本文介绍了一种可用于地毯取样的配套真空取样技术 D5438 . 5.6 本实施规程中提出的程序旨在提供一种标准化方法，用于从无法使用擦拭收集方法（例如，实施规程）可靠采样的表面收集灰尘 D6966 ). 此外，所述程序使用了其他环境和职业卫生采样应用中常用的现成设备。 5.7 过滤器支架的全部内容物，即过滤器加上收集的灰尘，用于随后的金属和类金属含量分析。如果需要重量分析，则使用内囊。

1.1 This practice covers the micro-vacuum collection of surface dust for subsequent determination of metals and metalloids. The primary intended application is for sampling from soft, rough, or porous surfaces. 1.2 Micro-vacuum sampling is carried out using a collection nozzle attached to a filter holder (sampling cassette) that is connected to an air sampling pump. 1.3 This practice allows for the subsequent determination of metals and metalloids on a loading basis (mass of element(s) per unit area sampled), or on a concentration basis (mass of element(s) per unit mass of sample collected), or both. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 Limitations— Due to a number of physical factors inherent in the micro-vacuum sampling method, analytical results for vacuum dust samples are not likely to reflect the total dust contained within the sampling area prior to sample collection. Indeed, dust collection will generally be biased towards smaller, less dense dust particles. Nevertheless, the use of this standard practice will generate data that are consistent and comparable between operators performing micro-vacuum collection at a variety of sampling locations and sites. 2 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Human exposure to toxic metals and metalloids present in surface dust can result from dermal contact with or ingestion of contaminated dust. Also, inhalation exposure can result from disturbing dust particles from contaminated surfaces. Thus, standardized methods for the collection and analysis of metals and metalloids in surface dust samples are needed in order to evaluate the potential for human exposure to toxic elements. 5.2 This practice involves the use of sampling equipment to collect surface dust samples that may contain toxic metals and metalloids, and is intended for use by qualified technical professionals. 5.3 This practice allows for the subsequent determination of collected elemental concentrations on an area (loading) or mass concentration basis, or both. 5.4 Because particle losses can occur due to collection of dust onto the inner surfaces of the nozzle, the length of the collection nozzle is specified in order that such losses are comparable from one sample to another. 5.5 This practice is suitable for the collection of surface dust samples from, for example: (a) soft, porous surfaces such as carpet or upholstery; (b) hard, rough surfaces such as concrete or roughened wood; (c) confined areas that cannot be easily sampled by other means (such as wipe sampling as described in Practice D6966 ). A companion sampling technique that may be used for collection of surface dust from hard, smooth surfaces is wipe sampling (Practice D6966 ). A companion vacuum sampling technique that may be used for sampling carpets is described in Practice D5438 . 5.6 Procedures presented in this practice are intended to provide a standardized method for dust collection from surfaces that cannot be reliably sampled using wipe collection methods (for example, Practice D6966 ). Additionally, the procedure described uses equipment that is readily available and in common use for other environmental and occupational hygiene sampling applications. 5.7 The entire contents of the filter holder, that is, the filter plus collected dust, is targeted for subsequent analysis for metals and metalloids content. An internal capsule is used if gravimetric analysis is necessary.