1.1 建筑物中两个空间之间的声音隔离最强烈地受到通过空间之间的分隔隔板的直接传输（如通常在实验室中测量的）和沿着多个间接路径（称为侧翼路径）的任何传输的组合的影响。 图1 示出了直接路径（D）和一些可能的结构侧翼路径（F）。额外的非结构性侧翼路径包括通过房间之间的公共空气管道或从相邻房间到走廊的门的传输。隔音还受到空间之间的分隔隔板的尺寸和接收空间中的吸收的影响，并且在小空间的情况下，受到空间的模态行为和与表面的紧密接近的影响。 1.2 本测试方法的主要部分定义了评估由公共隔板隔开的建筑物中两个房间或其部分之间的隔音或隔板的表观隔音的程序和度量ting分区，在所有情况下都包括直接传输路径和侧翼传输路径。适当的措施及其单个数字等级是降噪(NR)和噪声隔离等级(NIC)，它们表示在测试期间与接收室配备的隔离，归一化降噪(NNR)和归一化噪声隔离等级(NNIC)，它们表示如果接收室是至少25米的正常配备的生活或办公空间，预期的隔离 3 （当测试必须在没有家具的情况下进行时特别有用），以及表观传输损失（ATL）和表观声音传输等级（ASTC），它们指示分隔隔板的表观隔音性能，包括通过支撑结构的直接传输和侧面传输。ATL的测量仅限于至少25 m的空间 3 其中模态效应产生的问题较少。除特定条件下的ATL和ASTC外，试验方法主要部分中的这些程序仅适用于两个房间容积均小于150 m时 3 . 附注1: 本试验方法中的“隔断”一词包括所有类型的墙、地板或分隔两个空间的任何其他边界，包括永久的、可操作的或可移动的。 1.3 两个位置之间的NR和NIC总是可测量和可报告的，尽管存在的条件会影响测量的执行方式。但有一个例外（见 13.5.1 ），则要求始终上报NIC。本标准中的所有其他措施和等级都有限制，如最小房间容积或尺寸或最大房间吸收。因此，有时存在不允许报告NNR(NNIC)或ATL(ASTC)的情况。如果房间之间的隔断由不同构造的部件组成，或者包含诸如门的元件，则在不修改房间的情况下，隔断的单个元件或部分的ATL和ASTC是不可测量的。评估小于6 m的门的现场性能 2 在面积中，使用测试方法 E2964 各种度量本质上是不同的量，使得当规范是根据在存在的条件下不能报告的那些度量之一来编写时，不能使用NIC代替NNIC或ASTC来评估对规范的符合性。 1.4 附件A1 提供了当至少一个房间容积为150m时，在由包括直接和侧翼通道的公共隔板隔开的建筑物中两个房间的部分之间的隔声测量方法 3 或者更多。结果是降噪(NR)和噪声隔离等级(NIC)。 1.5 该测试方法旨在评估建筑物中房间之间的实际声学性能。因此，它禁止影响性能的临时修改。测量方法在进行修改的诊断情况下是有用的。在这种情况下，结果报告需要明确表明进行了此类修改。 1.6 以SI单位表示的值将被视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.7 本试验方法的正文参考了提供解释材料的注释和脚注。这些注释和脚注（不包括表格和图表中的注释和脚注）不应被视为标准的要求。1.8 本标准可能涉及危险材料、操作和设备。本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全性问题（如果有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践并确定法规限制的适用性。 1.9 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ======意义和用途====== 5.1 本标准的主要部分使用最初为隔板传声损失的实验室测量而开发的程序。这些程序假设进行测量的房间具有合理地近似漫射场的声场。这种房间中的声压级在整个房间中相当均匀，并且平均声压级与房间声音吸收的对数成反比变化。并非所有房间都能满足这些条件。经验和对照研究 ( 1 ) 6 已经表明，该测试方法适用于通常用于工作或生活的较小空间，如体积小于150 m的多户住宅、酒店客房、会议室和办公室的房间 3 适用于这种空间的措施是NR、NNR和ATL。相应的单个数字等级为NIC、NNIC和ASTC。ATL和ASTC可在满足空间中的吸收限制以提供均匀声音分布的较大空间之间测量。5.2 附件A1 开发用于非常大的空间（体积150 m 3 或更大）。在测试期间，声压级在大房间之间变化很大，因此隔离程度随着与分隔隔板的距离而变化很大。该程序评估在分离隔板附近观察到的隔离。合适的度量是NR，合适的单个数字等级是NIC。 5.3 有几个指标可用于特定用途。一些评估空间之间的整体隔音，包括接收空间中的吸收效果，一些评估被评估的隔板的性能或表观性能。获得的结果仅适用于测试的特定位置。 5.3.1 降噪(NR)和隔音等级(NIC)-描述两个空间之间的隔音情况。降噪数据基于满足以下要求的空间和时间平均声压级 11.3 或 A1.3 根据吸声、体积和形状要求 9.2 降噪值受接收空间中的吸收以及隔板的表观性能的影响。未配备家具的空间中的降噪值通常小于配备家具的空间中的降噪值，并且空间之间的降噪值取决于所使用的测试方向和空间中的声音吸收。然而，当 附件A1 被使用。 5.3.2 归一化降噪(NNR)和归一化噪声隔离等级(NNIC)- 描述满足以下要求的两个住宅或办公空间之间的隔音 9.3.1 调整到正常装修时此类空间典型的标准化房间条件。 5.3.3 表观传输损耗（ATL）和表观传声等级（ASTC）- 描述两个空间之间的分隔隔板受支撑结构侧翼影响的表观隔音效果。所有声音传输，包括任何侧面传输，都归因于隔板。隔板的表观传输损耗将小于实际的声音传输损耗（路径D在 图1 ）如果侧翼（路径F在 图1 ）是重要的 ( 2 , 3 ) 这些结果在理论上在每个方向上是相同的，但是在实践中已经观察到了与方向的差异。如果在进行测量时出于诊断目的需要抑制侧翼，则必须将结果明确标记为“侧翼抑制”。” 5.4 这种测试方法的主要用途是根据未改造结构的测试来评估建筑物的隔音和表观隔音性能。如果测量方法用于诊断或调查目的，以测量建筑物中修改结构的性能，则必须清楚地标记结果以表明这一点。 附注3: 该标准在2017年之前的版本包括TL和STC指标，前缀指定为“字段(F)”。该指标的“现场”版本旨在完全排除侧翼声音传输的存在；然而，“明显的”版本假定了（未知的）侧翼程度。此外，该指标的“现场”版本要求对房间体积和房间吸收进行更严格的限制。这些早期版本还包括对侧翼抑制的指导，可用于诊断目的。

1.1 The sound isolation between two spaces in a building is influenced most strongly by a combination of the direct transmission through the separating partition between the spaces (as normally measured in a laboratory) and any transmission along a number of indirect paths, referred to as flanking paths. Fig. 1 illustrates the direct paths (D) and some possible structural flanking paths (F). Additional non-structural flanking paths include transmission through common air ducts between rooms, or doors to the corridor from adjacent rooms. Sound isolation is also influenced by the size of the separating partition between spaces and absorption in the receiving space, and, in the case of small spaces, by modal behavior of the space and close proximity to surfaces. 1.2 The main part of this test method defines procedures and metrics to assess the sound isolation between two rooms or portions thereof in a building separated by a common partition or the apparent sound insulation of the separating partition, including both direct and flanking transmission paths in all cases. Appropriate measures and their single number ratings are the noise reduction (NR) and noise isolation class (NIC) which indicate the isolation with the receiving room furnished as it is during the test, the normalized noise reduction (NNR) and normalized noise isolation class (NNIC) which indicate the isolation expected if the receiving room was a normally furnished living or office space that is at least 25 m 3 (especially useful when the test must be done with the receiving room unfurnished), and the apparent transmission loss (ATL) and apparent sound transmission class (ASTC) which indicate the apparent sound insulating properties of a separating partition including both the direct transmission and flanking transmission through the support structure. The measurement of ATL is limited to spaces of at least 25 m 3 where modal effects create fewer problems. With the exception of the ATL and ASTC under specified conditions, these procedures in the main part of the test method are only applicable when both room volumes are less than 150 m 3 . Note 1: The word “partition” in this test method includes all types of walls, floors, or any other boundaries separating two spaces including those that are permanent, operable, or movable. 1.3 The NR and NIC between two locations are always measurable and reportable though conditions present will influence how measurements are performed. With one exception (see 13.5.1 ), it is required that the NIC always be reported. Restrictions such as minimum room volume or dimensions or maximum room absorption are imposed for all other measures and ratings in this standard. Thus, conditions sometimes exist that will not allow NNR (NNIC) or ATL (ASTC) to be reported. Where a partition between rooms is composed of parts that are constructed differently, or contains an element such as a door, the ATL and ASTC of the individual elements or portions of the partition are not measurable without modifications to the rooms. To evaluate the field performance of a door less than 6 m 2 in area, use Test Method E2964 . The various metrics are inherently different quantities, so that NIC cannot be used instead of NNIC or ASTC to evaluate compliance with a specification when the specification is written in terms of one of those metrics that cannot be reported with the conditions present. 1.4 Annex A1 provides methods to measure the sound isolation between portions of two rooms in a building separated by a common partition including both direct and flanking paths when at least one of the rooms has a volume of 150 m 3 or more. The results are the noise reduction (NR) and noise isolation class (NIC). 1.5 This test method is intended to evaluate the actual acoustical performance between rooms in buildings. Thus, it forbids temporary modifications that influence performance. The measurement methods are useful in diagnostic situations where modifications are made. In such cases reports of results are required to clearly indicate that such modifications were made. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.7 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard. 1.8 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The main part of this standard uses procedures originally developed for laboratory measurements of the sound transmission loss of partitions. These procedures assume that the rooms in which the measurements are performed have a sound field that reasonably approximates a diffuse field. Sound pressure levels in such rooms are reasonably uniform throughout the room and average levels vary inversely with the logarithm of the room sound absorption. Not all rooms will satisfy these conditions. Experience and controlled studies ( 1 ) 6 have shown that the test method is applicable to smaller spaces normally used for work or living, such as rooms in multi-family dwellings, hotel guest rooms, meeting rooms, and offices with volumes less than 150 m 3 . The measures appropriate for such spaces are NR, NNR, and ATL. The corresponding single number ratings are NIC, NNIC, and ASTC. The ATL and ASTC are measurable between larger spaces that meet a limitation on absorption in the spaces to provide uniform sound distribution. 5.2 Annex A1 was developed for use in spaces that are very large (volume of 150 m 3 or greater). Sound pressure levels during testing vary markedly across large rooms so that the degree of isolation varies strongly with distance from the separating partition. This procedure evaluates the isolation observed near the separating partition. The appropriate measure is NR, and the appropriate single number rating is NIC. 5.3 Several metrics are available for specific uses. Some evaluate the overall sound isolation between spaces including the effect of absorption in the receiving space and some evaluate the performance or apparent performance of the partition being evaluated. The results obtained are applicable only to the specific location tested. 5.3.1 Noise Reduction (NR) and Noise Isolation Class (NIC)— Describe the sound isolation found between two spaces. Noise reduction data are based on the space- and time averaged sound pressure levels meeting the requirements of 11.3 or A1.3 as required depending on the sound absorption, volume, and shape requirements of 9.2 . Noise reduction values are influenced by the absorption in the receiving space as well as the apparent performance of the partition. The noise reduction values in unfurnished spaces are typically less than in furnished spaces, and noise reduction values between the spaces depend on the test direction used and the sound absorption in the spaces. However, these effects are lessened when the method of Annex A1 is used. 5.3.2 Normalized Noise Reduction (NNR) and Normalized Noise Isolation Class (NNIC)— Describe the sound isolation between two residential or office spaces meeting the requirements of 9.3.1 adjusted to standardized room conditions typical of such spaces when normally furnished. 5.3.3 Apparent Transmission Loss (ATL) and Apparent Sound Transmission Class (ASTC)— Describe the apparent sound insulation of a separating partition between two spaces as influenced by flanking in the supporting structure. All sound transmission, including any flanking transmission, is ascribed to the partition. The apparent transmission loss of the partition will be less than the actual sound transmission loss (Path D in Fig. 1 ) if flanking (Path F in Fig. 1 ) is significant ( 2 , 3 ) . These results are in theory the same in each direction but differences with direction have been observed in practice. If it is necessary for diagnostic purposes to suppress flanking when doing measurements, the results must be clearly labeled as “flanking suppressed.” 5.4 The primary use of this test method is to evaluate the sound isolation and apparent sound insulation performance in buildings based on tests of unmodified structures. If the measurement methods are used for diagnostic or investigative purposes to measure the performance of modified structures in buildings, results must be clearly labeled to indicate such. Note 3: Versions of this standard prior to 2017 included TL and STC metrics with prefixes designated as “Field (F).” The “Field” version of the metrics was intended to exclude the presence of flanking sound transmission altogether; whereas, the “Apparent” version presumes an (unknown) degree of flanking. In addition, the “Field” version of the metrics required more stringent limits on room volume and room absorption. These earlier versions also included guidance on suppression of flanking, useful for diagnostic purposes.