1.1 本指南涵盖了化学分析实验室责任和质量控制计划的基本方面。讨论了建立和运行此类程序的原因。 1.2 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 实验室管理层建立了问责制和质量控制体系，以提高其结果的质量。它提供了文件记录，用于确保实验室服务的用户在日常测量中达到规定的精度水平，并且报告的数据是从提交的样本中获得的。 该系统还提供:当方法或设备开始产生偏差或显示精度下降时，向分析师发出早期警告；数据（结果）的保护和可检索性；通过实验室处理的样品的可追溯性和控制；提交人、分析员和监督人员之间的样本信息沟通良好；以及样本处理历史信息。本指南介绍了此类系统。可以制定其他责任和质量控制计划。如果此类计划提供了上述所有好处，则可以与本指南中的计划等效。

1.1 This guide covers the essential aspects of an accountability and quality control program for a chemical analysis laboratory. The reasons for establishing and operating such a program are discussed. 1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 An accountability and quality control system is established by laboratory management to improve the quality of its results. It provides documented records which serve to assure users of the laboratory's services that a specified level of precision is achieved in the routine performance of its measurements and that the data reported were obtained from the samples submitted. The system also provides for: early warning to analysts when methods or equipment begin to develop a bias or show deterioration of precision; the protection and retrievability of data (results); traceability and control of samples as they are processed through the laboratory; good communication of sample information between submitters, analysts, and supervision; and information on sample processing history. This guide describes such a system. Other accountability and quality control programs can be developed. Such programs can be equivalent to the program in this guide if they provide all of the benefits mentioned above.