1.1 本试验方法包括使用振荡圆筒试验机测定机织织物的耐磨性。此测试方法可能不适用于某些织物结构。 注1: 测量纺织物耐磨性的其他程序见:指南 D3884 和 第4158页 ，和测试方法 第3885页 , D3886型 和AATCC 93。 1.2 以国际单位表示的值应视为标准值。SI单位后括号中给出的值仅供参考，不被视为标准值。 1.3 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.4 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 =====意义和用途====== 5.1 纺织品和其他材料耐磨性的测量非常复杂。耐磨性受到许多因素的影响，例如纤维的固有机械性能；纤维的尺寸；纱线的结构；织物的结构；以及添加到纤维、纱线或织物中的整理材料的类型、种类和数量。 5.2 耐磨性也受到试验条件的极大影响，如磨料的性质；研磨剂对试样研磨区域的可变作用、试样的张力、试样与研磨剂之间的压力以及试样的尺寸变化。 5.3 由于特定试验期间磨料的变化，磨损试验都会发生变化。因此，研磨剂必须定期更换或根据标准定期检查。 对于一次性研磨剂，研磨剂只能使用一次或在有限使用后更换。对于使用硬化金属或等效表面的永久性磨料，假设磨料在特定系列试验中不会发生明显变化，但显然，不同实验室使用的类似磨料不会因使用的不同而以相同的速度变化。永久性研磨剂也可能因从试验织物上拾取整理剂或其他材料而发生变化，因此必须定期清洗。相对磨损量的测量也可能受到评估方法的影响，并且可能受到操作者的判断的影响。 5.4 在实验室的试验机上测量的纺织材料的耐磨性通常只是影响材料实际使用过程中磨损性能或耐久性的几个因素之一。 虽然“耐磨性”（通常以特定机器上的循环次数表示，使用特定的技术产生特定的磨损程度或磨损量）和“耐久性”（定义为在使用中抵抗退化或磨损的能力，包括磨损的影响）经常相关，但这种关系因不同的最终用途而异，并且在根据特定磨损数据计算预测耐久性时可能需要不同的因素。在各种材料的耐磨性差异较大的情况下，实验室测试可能是可靠的，作为相对最终使用性能的指示，但在实验室测试结果差异较小的情况下不应依赖实验室测试。一般来说，除非有数据表明实验室磨损试验与预期用途的实际磨损之间的具体关系，否则不应依赖这些数据来预测特定最终用途的实际耐磨寿命- 使用 5.5 这些一般观察适用于所有类型的织物，包括机织、非织造和针织服装织物、家用织物、工业织物和地板覆盖物。因此，发现有许多不同类型的磨损试验机、磨料、试验条件、试验程序、耐磨性评估方法和结果解释并不奇怪。 5.6 迄今为止为耐磨性开发的所有测试方法和仪器可能显示出不同操作员和不同实验室获得的结果的高度可变性；然而，它们代表了目前使用最广泛的方法。该测试方法提供了机织织物耐磨性的比较测量，并且不一定预测实际使用中织物的实际性能。 5.7 如果两个或多个实验室报告的测试结果之间存在实际意义上的差异，则应进行比较测试，以确定它们之间是否存在统计偏差，并使用合格的统计协助。 作为最低要求，从获得不同测试结果的材料中提取尽可能均匀的测试样品，并以相同数量随机分配给每个实验室进行测试。两个实验室的测试结果应使用未配对数据的统计测试进行比较，在测试系列之前选择的概率水平。如果发现偏差，则必须找到并纠正其原因，或者必须考虑已知偏差调整未来的测试结果。

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abrasion resistance of woven textile fabrics using the oscillatory cylinder tester. This test method may not be usable for some fabric constructions. Note 1: Other procedures for measuring the abrasion resistance of textile fabrics are given in: Guides D3884 and D4158 , and Test Methods D3885 , D3886 , and AATCC 93. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The measurement of the resistance to abrasion of textile and other materials is very complex. The resistance to abrasion is affected by many factors, such as the inherent mechanical properties of the fibers; the dimensions of the fibers; the structure of the yarns; the construction of the fabrics; and the type, kind, and amount of finishing material added to the fibers, yarns, or fabric. 5.2 The resistance to abrasion is also greatly affected by the conditions of the tests, such as the nature of abradant; variable action of the abradant over the area of specimen abraded, the tension of the specimen, the pressure between the specimen and abradant, and the dimensional changes in the specimen. 5.3 Abrasion tests are all subject to variation due to changes in the abradant during specific tests. The abradant must accordingly be changed at frequent intervals or checked periodically against a standard. With disposable abradants, the abradant is used only once or changed after limited use. With permanent abradants that use hardened metal or equivalent surfaces, it is assumed that the abradant will not change appreciably in a specific series of tests, but obviously similar abradants used in different laboratories will not likely change at the same rate due to differences in usage. Permanent abradants may also change due to pick up of finishing or other material from test fabrics and must accordingly be cleaned at frequent intervals. The measurement of the relative amount of abrasion may also be affected by the method of evaluation and may be influenced by the judgment of the operator. 5.4 The resistance of textile materials to abrasion as measured on a testing machine in the laboratory is generally only one of several factors contributing to wear performance or durability as experienced in the actual use of the material. While “abrasion resistance” (often stated in terms of the number of cycles on a specified machine, using a specified technique to produce a specified degree or amount of abrasion) and “durability” (defined as the ability to withstand deterioration or wearing out in use, including the effects of abrasion) are frequently related, the relationship varies with different end uses, and different factors may be necessary in any calculation of predicted durability from specific abrasion data. Laboratory tests may be reliable as an indication of relative end-use performance in cases where the difference in abrasion resistance of various materials is large, but they should not be relied upon where differences in laboratory test findings are small. In general, they should not be relied upon for prediction of actual wear-life in specific end uses unless there are data showing the specific relationship between laboratory abrasion tests and actual wear in the intended end-use. 5.5 These general observations apply to all types of fabrics, including woven, nonwoven, and knit apparel fabrics, household fabrics, industrial fabrics, and floor coverings. It is not surprising, therefore, to find that there are many different types of abrasion testing machines, abradants, testing conditions, testing procedures, methods of evaluation of abrasion resistance, and interpretation of results. 5.6 All the test methods and instruments so far developed for abrasion resistance may show a high degree of variability in results obtained by different operators and in different laboratories; however, they represent the methods now most widely in use. This test method provides a comparative measurement of the resistance of woven textile fabrics to abrasion, and may not necessarily predict the actual performance of fabrics in actual use. 5.7 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two or more laboratories, comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, test samples that are as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the material from which the disparate test results were obtained, and randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The test results from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.