本标准旨在提供定义、量化和分类金属结构合金产品和成品中残余应力的统一方法。这些应力可能存在于单个元件内，也可能是连接过程的结果。当轧制坯料或预成型件内的残余应力可能在机加工或其他过程中影响进一步的过程中变形时，以及当成品部件内的残余应该力可能影响最终的机械性能和性能（尤其是强度、耐久性和断裂性能）时，可能需要这种量化和分类。

The purpose of this standard is to provide uniform methods for defining, quantifying, and classifying the residual stress in metallic structural alloy products and finished parts. These stresses may exist within a single element, or they may be the result of a joining process. Such quantification and classification may be required when residual stresses within mill stock or preforms can impact further in-process distortion during machining or other processes, and when residual stresses within finished components can impact final mechanical properties and performance (especially strength, durability, and fracture performance).