此powerpoint演示文稿概述了小型饮用水系统的信息。美国的小型饮用水和废水系统是一个稳定的污染源 在所有公共基础设施中，监管机构面临的问题最多 常见且重要的健康威胁。虽然付出了相当大的努力 资金被用于这些系统的“能力”建设，但很少 已经注意到将能力实际转移给用户， 操作员和经理。 对这些系统的大部分资金支持都与将其投入使用有关 遵守适用的法规，并导致 项目——通常为资本项目，通常由顾问执行。罕见的 在某些情况下，该顾问可能会尝试将能力转移给用户，但 这基本上是个例外。提供了美国三个小型供水系统的统计数据，分别位于新罕布什尔州的诺森伯兰和马萨诸塞州的梅里麦克和弗里敦。介绍了位于波多黎各帕蒂利亚斯的第四个小型系统的信息，包括: 问题- “那些人”无法运行可靠的系统； （通用） -弗兰克的发生率和频率未知 分散饮用水中的病原体； -没有确凿证据表明腹泻病的发病率 在小型饮用水系统中（实际上，任何尺寸）； -对病原体的发生或传播没有明显影响 对这些系统进行干预的腹泻病； 回应- 教育操作员和管理人员， 在系统中需要时间， 测量病原体发生率，以及 健康影响。干预与疾病的关系- 由RCAP和CECIA干预的系统服务的用户较少 即使在将近2年后，患腹泻病的可能性也会增加一半以上。诺森伯兰- 投入时间为6个月； 梅里麦克- 投入时间为6个月； 弗里敦- 7年中投入的时间超过1000小时。对操作人员进行超过1575小时的正式培训 为管理员安排了1170个小时，外加数百个额外的工作小时 在多个研讨会和会议上进行协作和培训。几个 所有成员都参加了社区和合作活动 而用户则以系统的重要性和脆弱性为导向。androgogy的课程:团队选择在那里，让他们 认为他们做出了正确的选择； 让他们参与活动，要求他们 分享他们的经验并讨论他们的想法 意见；和 确保每个人都明白自己的想法 从活动中获益。 报告指出，能力建设是指相信社区成员将理解并解决自己的问题。然而，接下来的一个问题是，我们能等得起吗 让他们参与？“回归主义”（returnivism）一词（没有内涵的累犯）意味着我们经常去那里，而且一次又一次 随着时间的推移，我们建立起信任。包括表格，数字。

This powerpoint presentation outlines information on small potable water systems. Small potable and wastewater systems in the U.S. are a consistent source of problems for regulators and, of all public infrastructures, pose the most common and important health threat. While considerable effort and funding have been directed to building the "capacity" of these systems, little attention has been paid to actually transferring competence to their users, operators and managers. Most funding support for these systems is tied to bringing them into compliance with applicable regulations and has resulted in numerous projects - usually capital and usually performed by a consultant. On rare occasions, that consultant may try to transfer competencies to the users, but this is mostly the exception. Statistics of three small water systems in the U.S. are provided, located in Northumberland, New Hampshire, and in Merrimac and Freetown, Massachusetts. Information on a fourth small system located in Patillas, Puerto Rico, is presented and includes: Problems - "Those people" can't operate a reliable system; (universal) - unknown occurrence and frequency of frank pathogens in distributed potable water; - no firm evidence of attack rates for diarrheal disease in small potable water systems (actually, in any size); - no demonstrable effects on pathogen occurrence or diarrheal disease of intervention in these systems; response - educate operators and administrators, require time in systems, measure pathogen occurrence, and health effects. Relationship of intervention with illness - users served by systems where RCAP and CECIA had intervened were less than half as likely to suffer from diarrheal disease, even after almost 2 years. Northumberland - time invested was 6 months; Merrimac - time invested was 6 months; Freetown - time invested was more than 1,000 hours over 7 years. Over 1,575 hours of formal training for operators and over 1,170 hours for administrators was conducted, plus hundreds of additional hours of collaboration and training in several workshops and meetings. Several community and cooperative-wide activities were conducted where all members and users were oriented in the importance and vulnerability of their systems. Lessons in androgogy: the group chose to be there, make them think they made the right choice; draw them into the activity, ask them to share their experiences and discuss their opinions; and, be sure everyone understands what they gain from the activity. The presentation states that capacity-building is the belief that the members of the communities will understand and fix their own problems. However, a subsequent question is can we afford to wait for them to engage? The term "returnivism", (recidivism without the connotation), means we go there a lot, and over and over, we build trust over time. Includes table, figures.