研究人员调查了超低压的使用 反渗透（ULPRO）和纳滤（NF）膜 适用于运行成本较低的水回用应用 需要压力和高渗透质量。A. 进行实验室规模的调查，以进行比较 系统的拒绝和运行性能 反渗透、ULPRO和NF膜，并选择 两人在加利福尼亚州的一个供水设施接受测试。一 然后制备ULPRO膜和NF膜 在水回收厂进行了中试和全尺寸测试 并在运营绩效和 总有机碳、总氮和 受管制和不受管制的有机微污染物。 最佳性能膜的中试和全面测试 证明ULPRO和NF膜 可满足饮用水水质要求。 使用ULPRO和NF的假定优势 随着污染的发生，膜减少，导致 工作压力仅略低于或类似于 传统的反渗透膜。包括30个参考文献、表格和图表。

Researchers investigated the use of ultralow-pressure reverse osmosis (ULPRO) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes for water reuse applications where lower operating pressures and a high permeate quality are desired. A laboratory-scale investigation was performed to compare the rejection and operational performance of reverse osmosis, ULPRO, and NF membranes and select two for testing at a water facility in California. An ULPRO membrane and an NF membrane were then tested at pilot and full scale at a water recycling plant and monitored in terms of operational performance and rejection of total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and regulated and unregulated organic micropollutants. Pilot- and full-scale testing of the best-performing membranes demonstrated that both ULPRO and NF membranes could meet potable water quality requirements. The presumed advantage of using ULPRO and NF membranes diminished as fouling occurred, resulting in operating pressures only slightly lower or similar to traditional RO membranes. Includes 30 references, tables, figures.