本文概述了国际生命科学研究所（ILSI）在微生物风险评估框架评估期间开展的工作。总的来说，人们发现ILSI框架是指导微生物制剂定量风险评估的一个有价值的工具。此外，与基于化学品的框架相比，ILSI框架允许纳入特定疾病的流行病学数据。然而，对ILSI框架最强烈的批评是，它没有明确纳入疾病传播过程的特征，突出传染病风险和更传统的静态风险过程之间的区别。提出了一种与ILSI框架一致的风险评估方法，用于评估环境中接触病原体的健康风险。这种方法结合了一种基于环境中病原体暴露的主要途径和一种假设从受感染个体直接传播到易感个体的次要途径。 以轮状病毒疾病传播为例演示了该方法。包括16个参考文献、表格和图表。

This paper describes a generalization of the work conducted for International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) during the evaluation of the microbial risk assessment Framework. In general, it was found that the ILSI Framework was a valuable tool in guiding the conduct of a quantitative risk assessment for microbial agents. Further, in contrast to the chemical-based framework, the ILSI Framework allows for the incorporation of disease specific epidemiological data. However, the strongest critique of the ILSI Framework was that it falls short of explicitly incorporating features of the disease transmission process that highlight the distinction between infectious disease risk and a more conventional static risk process. A risk assessment methodology consistent with the ILSI Framework for assessing health risks to exposure to pathogens within the environment is presented. This methodology incorporates a primary pathway that is based on the exposure to pathogens in the environment and a secondary pathway that assumes direct transmission from an infected individual to a susceptible individual. The methodology is demonstrated using rotavirus disease transmission as an example. Includes 16 references, tables, figure.