1.1 本标准为钢熔焊提供了数字参考图像，这些图像包含不同厚度材料中具有不同严重程度的典型不连续性。数字参考图像是本标准的附件，如果需要，必须从ASTM国际组织单独购买。 1.2 基于以下七种标称焊缝厚度，有三卷数字参考图像: 1.2.1 第一卷-- 一组23幅图像，涵盖基材，包括 1. / 4. 厚度为6.4毫米。 1.2.2 第二卷-- 一组30张图像，覆盖基材 1. / 4. 厚度可达3英寸（6.4至76毫米）。 1.2.3 第三卷-- 一组7张图像，覆盖厚度在3英寸至8英寸（76至203毫米）之间的基材。 1.3 单位-- 以英寸-磅单位表示的值应被视为标准值。括号中给出的值是对国际单位制的数学转换，仅供参考，不被视为标准值。 1.4 本标准的所有领域均可由认可的工程组织和供应商达成协议，或由认可的工程师组织提供具体指示。这些项目应在采购订单或合同中加以说明。 1.5 只有软件和图像的许可副本才能用于生产检查。ASTM/用户许可协议的副本应存档以供审计。（参见 附注1 .) 注1: 该组数字参考图像由60个数字数据文件、加载所需格式的软件和加载过程的具体说明组成。 60幅参考图像显示了分级不连续和未分级不连续。可从ASTM国际总部获得，订单号:RRE341901、RRE341902和RRE341903。 1.6 这些数字参考图像并不旨在说明在进行胶片射线照相时钢熔焊中发现的不连续性的类型和程度。如果对此类焊件进行胶片射线照相，请参阅参考射线照相 E390 . 1.7 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如果有的话）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.8 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 =====意义和用途====== 4.1 这些数字参考图像可用作确定钢熔焊数字射线照相检查所揭示的不连续性类型和严重程度的手段。 4.2 根据本标准使用数字参考图像的人员应具备根据国家或国际公认的无损检测人员资格实践或标准进行射线照相解释的资格，并经雇主或认证机构认证（如适用）。使用的惯例或标准及其适用的修订应在使用方之间的合同协议中确定。如果需要协助解释适用于参考射线照片的规范和产品要求，在做出接受/拒绝决定之前，应咨询经过认证的III级人员（如果III级人员是射线照片口译员，则可能是同一个人）。 4.3 组合卷包含适用于七个厚度范围的代表性分级和未分级不连续性的图示，如所示 表1 . 表2 列出了每种基材厚度的不连续性类型和严重程度。每种分级的不连续性类型都有五个严重程度级别，按照严重程度从1到5的顺序排列。未分级的不连续性仅供参考。 A. 在连接两个厚度不等的构件的特殊情况下，应使用适用于较薄构件的标准。 A. 线性孔隙（球状指示）的严重程度应通过其长度和聚类来判断，而不是通过其光密度。 4.4 这些数字参考图像可用于买方和供应商之间已达成协议的合同规范，以确定数字射线照相检查显示的不连续性的类型和严重程度的验收限值。 4.5 本文件的使用不限于中给出的特定能量水平 表3 或达到中给出的厚度限制 表1 在没有其他适用文件的情况下，本文件可用于其他能级或厚度，或两者兼而有之，只要买方和制造商之间已达成协议。 A. 所有胶片均由自动胶片处理器处理。 B ASTM指南 E94 . C 指南中未定义 E94 ; 制造商的描述是——超细颗粒，高对比度。 D 这些参考射线照片是用 60 有限公司。

1.1 This standard provides digital reference images for steel fusion welds that contain typical discontinuities with varying severity levels in different thicknesses of material. The digital reference images are an adjunct to this standard and must be purchased separately from ASTM International if needed. 1.2 There are three volumes of digital reference images based on seven nominal weld thicknesses as follows: 1.2.1 Vol I— Set of 23 images covering base material up to and including 1 / 4 in. (6.4 mm) in thickness. 1.2.2 Vol II— Set of 30 images covering base material over 1 / 4 up to and including 3 in. (6.4 to 76 mm) in thickness. 1.2.3 Vol III— Set of 7 images covering base material over 3 up to and including 8 in. (76 to 203 mm) in thickness. 1.3 Units— The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.4 All areas of this standard may be open to agreement between the cognizant engineering organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the cognizant engineering organization. These items should be addressed in the purchase order or the contract. 1.5 Only licensed copies of the software and images shall be utilized for production inspection. A copy of the ASTM/user license agreement shall be kept on file for audit purposes. (See Note 1 .) Note 1: The set of digital reference images consists of sixty digital data files, and software to load the desired format and specific instructions on the loading process. The sixty reference images illustrate both graded discontinuities and ungraded discontinuities. Available from ASTM International Headquarters, order Nos: RRE341901, RRE341902, and RRE341903. 1.6 These digital reference images are not intended to illustrate the types and degrees of discontinuities found in steel fusion welds when performing film radiography. If performing film radiography of such weldments, refer to Reference Radiographs E390 . 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 These digital reference images may be used as a means for establishing the types and severity levels of discontinuities that are revealed by digital radiographic examination of steel fusion welds. 4.2 Personnel utilizing digital reference images to this standard shall be qualified to perform radiographic interpretation in accordance with a nationally or internationally recognized NDT personnel qualification practice or standard and certified by the employer or certifying agency, as applicable. The practice or standard used, and its applicable revision shall be identified in the contractual agreement between the using parties. If assistance is needed with interpreting specifications and product requirements as applied to the reference radiographs, a certified Level III shall be consulted before accept/reject decisions are made (if the Level III is the radiographic interpreter, this may be the same person). 4.3 The combined volumes contain illustrations of representative graded and ungraded discontinuities applicable to seven thickness ranges, as shown in Table 1 . Table 2 lists the discontinuity types and severities illustrated for each thickness of base material. Each of the graded discontinuity types has five severity levels, 1 through 5 in order of increasing severity. The ungraded discontinuities are included for informational purposes. (A) In the special cases of joining two members of unequal thickness, the standard applicable to the thinner member shall be used. (A) The severity of linear porosity (globular indications) should be judged by their length and clustering rather than by their optical density. 4.4 These digital reference images may be used in contractual specifications, for which agreement has been reached between purchaser and supplier, to establish acceptance limits of the types and severity levels of discontinuities revealed by digital radiographic examination. 4.5 The use of this document is not intended to be restricted to the specific energy levels given in Table 3 or to the thickness limits given in Table 1 . This document may be used, where there is no other applicable document, for other energy levels or thicknesses, or both, for which it is found to be applicable and for which agreement has been reached between purchaser and manufacturer. (A) All films were processed by automatic film processors. (B) ASTM Guide E94 . (C) Not defined in Guide E94 ; manufacturers' description is—ultra fine grain, high contrast. (D) These reference radiographs were made with 60 Co.