地下水供应中常见的一种有害化合物是硫化氢（H2S），它会在浓度为 低至0.05 ppm。去除H2S的处理策略通常包括气提和 氧化由于硫化氢是一种活性气体，因此曝气过程只能去除硫化氢 处于气态的H2S部分。一种移除 硫化物的剩余部分是由硫化物转化为不溶性元素硫形成的 通过氧化。一旦氧化，胶体硫会导致高浊度（>20） 必须通过后续固液分离步骤去除。 微滤（MF）和超滤（UF）膜在市政用水中的应用 传统上，处理仅限于高质量的地表水资源。 尽管 近年来，MF和UF的接受度和应用度都显著提高 在北美的膜系统中，UF和MF膜通常没有被使用 适用于平均浊度水平大于20 NTU且无污染的水域 广泛的预处理。膜在水处理厂的应用 中等至劣质原水通常仅限于沉淀或过滤 抛光处理用水。膜在地下水处理中的应用 由于地下水的水质相对较高，也受到了限制 测定浊度和微生物参数。该法案的颁布越来越严格 对受地表水直接影响的地下水（GWUDI）的规定已经生效 导致人们对处理地下水的膜过滤越来越感兴趣 消息来源。 浸入式膜系统的结构和应用研究进展 为经济地应用超滤膜处理地下水提供了机会 含有大量元素硫引起的高浊度 常规预处理。这可以通过联合治疗来实现 将真空驱动的中空纤维膜直接浸入 凝结和絮凝的原水。这些膜为人体提供了一个积极的屏障 贾第虫和隐孢子虫等寄生虫，以及二者的高浓度 有机和无机固体，悬浮在原水中或形成 通过混凝和共沉淀。这是一个整合的混凝/膜过程 无需沉淀和快速重力砂滤，且 受到高浊度水平的负面影响。除了浊度和病原体 在还原过程中，还可以对铁、锰、颜色和TOC进行优化 减少 本文介绍了浸没式超滤膜的应用 曝气和氧化过程下游的强化混凝，以去除废水 地下水中的硫化氢。它还将展示ZeeWeed的中试规模数据 浸入式膜系统，评估不同操作参数的影响，例如 作为通量、pH值和混凝剂用量对渗透水水质和膜性能的影响。 包括6个参考文献、表格、图表。

A nuisance compound commonly encountered in groundwater supplies is hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which causes an unpleasant rotten-egg smell in water at concentrations as low as 0.05 ppm. Treatment strategies for H2S removal often consist of air stripping and oxidation. Since hydrogen sulfide is a reactive gas, the aeration process will only remove that portion of the H2S that is in the gaseous state. One method of removing the remaining fraction of sulfide is by the conversion of sulfide to insoluble elemental sulfur by oxidation. Once oxidized, the colloidal sulfur causes high levels of turbidity (>20 NTU), which must be removed by a subsequent solid-liquid separation step. The use of microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) membranes for municipal water treatment has traditionally been limited to high quality surface water sources. Despite the recent significant increase in the acceptance and application of both MF and UF membrane systems in North America, UF and MF membranes have typically not been applied on waters having an average turbidity level greater than 20 NTU without extensive pretreatment. The application of membranes at water treatment plants with moderate to poor quality raw water has generally been limited to either settled or filtered water for polishing treatment. The application of membranes for groundwater treatment has also been limited due to the relatively high water quality of groundwater with respect to turbidity and microbiological parameters. The promulgation of increasingly stringent regulations for groundwater under the direct influence of surface water (GWUDI) has resulted in increased interest in membrane filtration for the treatment of groundwater sources. Recent advances in the configuration and application of immersed membrane systems offers an opportunity to economically apply UF membranes to treat groundwater containing high turbidity caused by elemental sulfur on a large scale without conventional pretreatment. This can be accomplished using a combined treatment process in which vacuum driven, hollow fiber membranes are directly immersed in coagulated and flocculated raw water. The membranes provide a positive barrier to parasites such as Giardia and Cryptosporidium, as well as high concentrations of both organic and inorganic solids, which are either suspended in the raw water or developed by coagulation and co-precipitation. This integrated coagulation/membrane process eliminates the need for sedimentation and rapid gravity sand filtration and is not negatively impacted by high turbidity levels. In addition to turbidity and pathogen reduction, the process can also be optimized for iron, manganese, color and TOC reduction. This paper presents the application of immersed ultrafiltration membranes with enhanced coagulation downstream of aeration and oxidation processes for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from groundwater. It will also present pilot scale data of the ZeeWeed Immersed Membrane System, evaluating the effect of different operating parameters such as flux, pH and coagulant dose on permeate water quality and membrane performance. Includes 6 references, tables, figures.