Black & Veatch Consulting in association with Thames Water Utilities has been working
on two AwwaRF Research Projects, both of which relate to predicting and managing water
quality in distribution: Project #2769, Evaluating Retention Time to Manage Distribution System
Water Quality; and, Project #2865, Predictive Models for Water Quality in Distribution Systems.
This paper presents the findings of the two projects and uses case studies to
demonstrate the conclusions from the research and recommend approaches for predicting,
managing and controlling water quality in distribution networks. The following topics are
covered:
retention time management and water quality;
models for predicting distribution system water quality; and,
tools to analyze retention time and related water quality problems.
Three case studies are presented that demonstrate the use of retention time to manage water quality that include:
hydraulic modeling to improve water quality;
improving system hydraulics to reduce coliforms;
using models to improve distribution system chlorine taste; and,
summary of methods for controlling retention time.
Two of the case studies describe in detail the analysis of and improvements implemented
to rectify specific problems. The last session summarizes water quality control measures that are
currently used to improve water quality in distribution, using a case study to demonstrate the
range of options available. Includes 38 references, tables, figures.