Bromine Incorporation in Regulated and Emerging DBPs and the Relative Predominance of Mono-, Di-, and Trihalogenated DBPs
受管制和新兴DBP中的溴掺入以及单卤、二卤和三卤DBP的相对优势
Previous research has shown that bromine incorporation into trihalogenated acetic acids
(TXAAs) was similar to that of the trihalomethanes (THMs). Likewise, occurrence data for
other trihalogenated disinfection byproducts (DBPs) (e.g., halonitromethanes [HNMs], haloacetaldehydes [HAs]) demonstrated
similar or lower bromine incorporation as that of the THMs. Moreover, bromine incorporation
patterns into dihalogenated DBPs (e.g., haloacetic acids [HAAs], haloacetonitriles [HANs],
HNMs, HAs) were similar or higher for the HANs. Some of the differences may have been due
to steric hindrance (i.e., trihalogenated DBPs containing bromine), relative instability of some
DBPs, and/or the presence of DBPs at low levels relative to their minimum reporting levels.
However, even when there was lower bromine incorporation into some DBP subclasses, the
trend was consistent (i.e., in most cases, the regression between DBP subclasses had a high
coefficient of determination). The relative formation of dihalogenated HAAs (DXAAs) and
TXAAs has been related to the nature of the organic matter and/or the disinfectant(s) used. This
was also observed for various DBP classes. In addition, the relative degree of halogenation was
related to the instability of certain DBP species. Understanding the relative formation of
different DBP species can be used in predicting the formation of DBPs for which not all
standards are available (e.g., haloacetamides) and in improving exposure assessments. Includes 23 references, tables, figures.