TAPPI T 400 sp-17描述了获取代表性样品进行测试的程序。应该是的 认识到在理想情况下，所选样品应代表大量的纸或纸板、集装箱板或相关产品，包括转换纸制品（以下简称“纸”）。然而，在某些情况下，样品可能小到一张纸，已经提供给实验室进行测试，并且可能不代表从中获得样品的批次。描述了确定待取样纸张批次的程序（见第4节）。第5节描述了从该批次中选择代表性样品进行测试的规则。 1.对于大型辊或滑橇，说明了具体的取样程序（5.3）。（5.4）中描述了从单卷纸板中取样以确定基本重量和爆裂强度的具体程序。描述了连续纸带的取样和测试程序（5.5）。在评估 在测量产品的横向或纵向机器变化时，工艺性能可能会有优势。例如，可以通过横机卡钳轮廓来确定日历辊载荷或凸度引起的加工变化。机器方向条的评估可以提供设备性能的信息，即:。 e、 ，一个被堵的沙发卷。描述了（5.6）处理可能由有限数量纸张组成的样品的程序；或 可能只有一张纸那么小。可能出现测试实验室无法控制测试所需纸张数量的情况。一个例子可能是退回客户认为有缺陷的一张纸，并要求测试实验室对其性能进行量化。必须认识到，在这些情况下，实验室可能无法控制取样程序；而且，提供和测试的样品可能不代表它们来自的材料批次。 购买前，买方和卖方应就取样批次的大小（3.1）、取样程序的细节、所需的物理和化学性质、尺寸公差等以及所采用的测试方法达成一致。附录提供了有用的统计标准，用于接受网上的每一批论文 根据缺陷测试单元的数量，可协助买方和卖方选择商定的抽样和验收程序。

TAPPI T 400 sp-17 describes procedures for obtaining a representative sample for testing. It should be recognized that in an ideal situation the samples selected should represent a lot of paper or paperboard, container board, or related product, including converted paper products (all hereafter referred to as "paper"). However, in some situations the sample may be as small as a single sheet of paper that has been provided to the laboratory for testing and may not represent the lot from which it is obtained.Procedures are described (see Section 4) for establishing the lot of paper to be sampled.The rules for selecting a representative sample for testing from this lot are described in Sections 5.1 andSpecific sampling procedures are described (5.3) for large rolls or skids.Specific procedures are described (5.4) for sampling from a single roll of containerboard for basis weight and burst strength.A procedure is described (5.5) for the sampling and testing of a continuous strip of paper. In evaluating the performance of a process there may be advantages in measuring the cross or along machine variation in the product.An example could be the cross machine caliper profile to determine the processing variation caused by calendar roll loadings or crown. The evaluation of machine direction strips can provide information of performance of equipment, i.e., a blocked couch roll.A procedure is described (5.6) for handling a sample that may consist of a limited quantity of paper; or, may be as small as a single sheet of paper. Situations may arise where the testing laboratory has no control of the quantity of paper that is supplied for testing. An example could be the return of a piece of paper that the customer perceives to be defective and the testing laboratory has been asked to quantify its properties. It must be recognized that in these situationsthe laboratory may not have control of the sampling procedure; and, the samples supplied and tested may not represent the lot of material from which they came.Prior to purchase, there should be agreement between buyer and seller on the size of the lot to be sampled (3.1), on details of the sampling procedure, the required physical and chemical properties, dimensional tolerances, etc., and the testing methods to be employed.The appendices, which provide useful, statistical criteria for accepting individual lots of paper on the basis of the number of defective test units, can assist the buyer and the seller in selecting an agreed upon sampling and acceptance procedure.